{-# LANGUAGE ExistentialQuantification #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
{-# LANGUAGE RankNTypes #-}

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- |
-- Module      :  Distribution.Simple.Command
-- Copyright   :  Duncan Coutts 2007
-- License     :  BSD3
--
-- Maintainer  :  cabal-devel@haskell.org
-- Portability :  non-portable (ExistentialQuantification)
--
-- This is to do with command line handling. The Cabal command line is
-- organised into a number of named sub-commands (much like darcs). The
-- 'CommandUI' abstraction represents one of these sub-commands, with a name,
-- description, a set of flags. Commands can be associated with actions and
-- run. It handles some common stuff automatically, like the @--help@ and
-- command line completion flags. It is designed to allow other tools make
-- derived commands. This feature is used heavily in @cabal-install@.

module Distribution.Simple.Command (

  -- * Command interface
  CommandUI(..),
  commandShowOptions,
  CommandParse(..),
  commandParseArgs,
  getNormalCommandDescriptions,
  helpCommandUI,

  -- ** Constructing commands
  ShowOrParseArgs(..),
  usageDefault,
  usageAlternatives,
  mkCommandUI,
  hiddenCommand,

  -- ** Associating actions with commands
  Command,
  commandAddAction,
  noExtraFlags,

  -- ** Building lists of commands
  CommandType(..),
  CommandSpec(..),
  commandFromSpec,

  -- ** Running commands
  commandsRun,

-- * Option Fields
  OptionField(..), Name,

-- ** Constructing Option Fields
  option, multiOption,

-- ** Liftings & Projections
  liftOption, liftOptionL,

-- * Option Descriptions
  OptDescr(..), Description, SFlags, LFlags, OptFlags, ArgPlaceHolder,

-- ** OptDescr 'smart' constructors
  MkOptDescr,
  reqArg, reqArg', optArg, optArg', noArg,
  boolOpt, boolOpt', choiceOpt, choiceOptFromEnum

  ) where

import Prelude ()
import Distribution.Compat.Prelude hiding (get)

import qualified Distribution.GetOpt as GetOpt
import Distribution.ReadE
import Distribution.Simple.Utils
import Distribution.Compat.Lens (ALens', (^#), (#~))


data CommandUI flags = CommandUI {
    -- | The name of the command as it would be entered on the command line.
    -- For example @\"build\"@.
    commandName        :: String,
    -- | A short, one line description of the command to use in help texts.
    commandSynopsis :: String,
    -- | A function that maps a program name to a usage summary for this
    -- command.
    commandUsage    :: String -> String,
    -- | Additional explanation of the command to use in help texts.
    commandDescription :: Maybe (String -> String),
    -- | Post-Usage notes and examples in help texts
    commandNotes :: Maybe (String -> String),
    -- | Initial \/ empty flags
    commandDefaultFlags :: flags,
    -- | All the Option fields for this command
    commandOptions     :: ShowOrParseArgs -> [OptionField flags]
  }

data ShowOrParseArgs = ShowArgs | ParseArgs
type Name        = String
type Description = String

-- | We usually have a data type for storing configuration values, where
--   every field stores a configuration option, and the user sets
--   the value either via command line flags or a configuration file.
--   An individual OptionField models such a field, and we usually
--   build a list of options associated to a configuration data type.
data OptionField a = OptionField {
  optionName        :: Name,
  optionDescr       :: [OptDescr a] }

-- | An OptionField takes one or more OptDescrs, describing the command line
-- interface for the field.
data OptDescr a  = ReqArg Description OptFlags ArgPlaceHolder
                   (ReadE (a->a)) (a -> [String])

                 | OptArg Description OptFlags ArgPlaceHolder
                   (ReadE (a->a)) (a->a)  (a -> [Maybe String])

                 | ChoiceOpt [(Description, OptFlags, a->a, a -> Bool)]

                 | BoolOpt Description OptFlags{-True-} OptFlags{-False-}
                   (Bool -> a -> a) (a-> Maybe Bool)

-- | Short command line option strings
type SFlags   = [Char]
-- | Long command line option strings
type LFlags   = [String]
type OptFlags = (SFlags,LFlags)
type ArgPlaceHolder = String


-- | Create an option taking a single OptDescr.
--   No explicit Name is given for the Option, the name is the first LFlag given.
option :: SFlags -> LFlags -> Description -> get -> set -> MkOptDescr get set a
          -> OptionField a
option sf lf@(n:_) d get set arg = OptionField n [arg sf lf d get set]
option _ _ _ _ _ _ = error $ "Distribution.command.option: "
                     ++ "An OptionField must have at least one LFlag"

-- | Create an option taking several OptDescrs.
--   You will have to give the flags and description individually to the
--   OptDescr constructor.
multiOption :: Name -> get -> set
            -> [get -> set -> OptDescr a]  -- ^MkOptDescr constructors partially
                                           -- applied to flags and description.
            -> OptionField a
multiOption n get set args = OptionField n [arg get set | arg <- args]

type MkOptDescr get set a = SFlags -> LFlags -> Description -> get -> set
                            -> OptDescr a

-- | Create a string-valued command line interface.
reqArg :: Monoid b => ArgPlaceHolder -> ReadE b -> (b -> [String])
                   -> MkOptDescr (a -> b) (b -> a -> a) a
reqArg ad mkflag showflag sf lf d get set =
  ReqArg d (sf,lf) ad (fmap (\a b -> set (get b `mappend` a) b) mkflag)
  (showflag . get)

-- | Create a string-valued command line interface with a default value.
optArg :: Monoid b => ArgPlaceHolder -> ReadE b -> b -> (b -> [Maybe String])
                   -> MkOptDescr (a -> b) (b -> a -> a) a
optArg ad mkflag def showflag sf lf d get set  =
  OptArg d (sf,lf) ad (fmap (\a b -> set (get b `mappend` a) b) mkflag)
               (\b ->          set (get b `mappend` def) b)
               (showflag . get)

-- | (String -> a) variant of "reqArg"
reqArg' :: Monoid b => ArgPlaceHolder -> (String -> b) -> (b -> [String])
                    -> MkOptDescr (a -> b) (b -> a -> a) a
reqArg' ad mkflag showflag =
    reqArg ad (succeedReadE mkflag) showflag

-- | (String -> a) variant of "optArg"
optArg' :: Monoid b => ArgPlaceHolder -> (Maybe String -> b)
           -> (b -> [Maybe String])
           -> MkOptDescr (a -> b) (b -> a -> a) a
optArg' ad mkflag showflag =
    optArg ad (succeedReadE (mkflag . Just)) def showflag
      where def = mkflag Nothing

noArg :: (Eq b) => b -> MkOptDescr (a -> b) (b -> a -> a) a
noArg flag sf lf d = choiceOpt [(flag, (sf,lf), d)] sf lf d

boolOpt :: (b -> Maybe Bool) -> (Bool -> b) -> SFlags -> SFlags
           -> MkOptDescr (a -> b) (b -> a -> a) a
boolOpt g s sfT sfF _sf _lf@(n:_) d get set =
    BoolOpt d (sfT, ["enable-"++n]) (sfF, ["disable-"++n]) (set.s) (g.get)
boolOpt _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ = error
                            "Distribution.Simple.Setup.boolOpt: unreachable"

boolOpt' :: (b -> Maybe Bool) -> (Bool -> b) -> OptFlags -> OptFlags
            -> MkOptDescr (a -> b) (b -> a -> a) a
boolOpt' g s ffT ffF _sf _lf d get set = BoolOpt d ffT ffF (set.s) (g . get)

-- | create a Choice option
choiceOpt :: Eq b => [(b,OptFlags,Description)]
             -> MkOptDescr (a -> b) (b -> a -> a) a
choiceOpt aa_ff _sf _lf _d get set  = ChoiceOpt alts
    where alts = [(d,flags, set alt, (==alt) . get) | (alt,flags,d) <- aa_ff]

-- | create a Choice option out of an enumeration type.
--   As long flags, the Show output is used. As short flags, the first character
--   which does not conflict with a previous one is used.
choiceOptFromEnum :: (Bounded b, Enum b, Show b, Eq b) =>
                     MkOptDescr (a -> b) (b -> a -> a) a
choiceOptFromEnum _sf _lf d get =
  choiceOpt [ (x, (sf, [map toLower $ show x]), d')
            | (x, sf) <- sflags'
            , let d' = d ++ show x]
  _sf _lf d get
  where sflags' = foldl f [] [firstOne..]
        f prev x = let prevflags = concatMap snd prev in
                       prev ++ take 1 [(x, [toLower sf])
                                      | sf <- show x, isAlpha sf
                                      , toLower sf `notElem` prevflags]
        firstOne = minBound `asTypeOf` get undefined

commandGetOpts :: ShowOrParseArgs -> CommandUI flags
                  -> [GetOpt.OptDescr (flags -> flags)]
commandGetOpts showOrParse command =
    concatMap viewAsGetOpt (commandOptions command showOrParse)

viewAsGetOpt :: OptionField a -> [GetOpt.OptDescr (a->a)]
viewAsGetOpt (OptionField _n aa) = concatMap optDescrToGetOpt aa
  where
    optDescrToGetOpt (ReqArg d (cs,ss) arg_desc set _) =
         [GetOpt.Option cs ss (GetOpt.ReqArg set' arg_desc) d]
             where set' = readEOrFail set
    optDescrToGetOpt (OptArg d (cs,ss) arg_desc set def _) =
         [GetOpt.Option cs ss (GetOpt.OptArg set' arg_desc) d]
             where set' Nothing    = def
                   set' (Just txt) = readEOrFail set txt
    optDescrToGetOpt (ChoiceOpt alts) =
         [GetOpt.Option sf lf (GetOpt.NoArg set) d | (d,(sf,lf),set,_) <- alts ]
    optDescrToGetOpt (BoolOpt d (sfT, lfT) ([],  [])  set _) =
         [ GetOpt.Option sfT lfT (GetOpt.NoArg (set True))  d ]
    optDescrToGetOpt (BoolOpt d ([],  [])  (sfF, lfF) set _) =
         [ GetOpt.Option sfF lfF (GetOpt.NoArg (set False)) d ]
    optDescrToGetOpt (BoolOpt d (sfT,lfT)  (sfF, lfF) set _) =
         [ GetOpt.Option sfT lfT (GetOpt.NoArg (set True))  ("Enable " ++ d)
         , GetOpt.Option sfF lfF (GetOpt.NoArg (set False)) ("Disable " ++ d) ]

getCurrentChoice :: OptDescr a -> a -> [String]
getCurrentChoice (ChoiceOpt alts) a =
    [ lf | (_,(_sf,lf:_), _, currentChoice) <- alts, currentChoice a]

getCurrentChoice _ _ = error "Command.getChoice: expected a Choice OptDescr"


liftOption :: (b -> a) -> (a -> (b -> b)) -> OptionField a -> OptionField b
liftOption get' set' opt =
  opt { optionDescr = liftOptDescr get' set' `map` optionDescr opt}

-- | @since 3.4.0.0
liftOptionL :: ALens' b a -> OptionField a -> OptionField b
liftOptionL l = liftOption (^# l) (l #~)


liftOptDescr :: (b -> a) -> (a -> (b -> b)) -> OptDescr a -> OptDescr b
liftOptDescr get' set' (ChoiceOpt opts) =
    ChoiceOpt [ (d, ff, liftSet get' set' set , (get . get'))
              | (d, ff, set, get) <- opts]

liftOptDescr get' set' (OptArg d ff ad set def get) =
    OptArg d ff ad (liftSet get' set' `fmap` set)
    (liftSet get' set' def) (get . get')

liftOptDescr get' set' (ReqArg d ff ad set get) =
    ReqArg d ff ad (liftSet get' set' `fmap` set) (get . get')

liftOptDescr get' set' (BoolOpt d ffT ffF set get) =
    BoolOpt d ffT ffF (liftSet get' set' . set) (get . get')

liftSet :: (b -> a) -> (a -> (b -> b)) -> (a -> a) -> b -> b
liftSet get' set' set x = set' (set $ get' x) x

-- | Show flags in the standard long option command line format
commandShowOptions :: CommandUI flags -> flags -> [String]
commandShowOptions command v = concat
  [ showOptDescr v  od | o <- commandOptions command ParseArgs
                       , od <- optionDescr o]
  where
    maybePrefix []       = []
    maybePrefix (lOpt:_) = ["--" ++ lOpt]

    showOptDescr :: a -> OptDescr a -> [String]
    showOptDescr x (BoolOpt _ (_,lfTs) (_,lfFs) _ enabled)
      = case enabled x of
          Nothing -> []
          Just True  -> maybePrefix lfTs
          Just False -> maybePrefix lfFs
    showOptDescr x c@ChoiceOpt{}
      = ["--" ++ val | val <- getCurrentChoice c x]
    showOptDescr x (ReqArg _ (_ssff,lf:_) _ _ showflag)
      = [ "--"++lf++"="++flag
        | flag <- showflag x ]
    showOptDescr x (OptArg _ (_ssff,lf:_) _ _ _ showflag)
      = [ case flag of
            Just s  -> "--"++lf++"="++s
            Nothing -> "--"++lf
        | flag <- showflag x ]
    showOptDescr _ _
      = error "Distribution.Simple.Command.showOptDescr: unreachable"


commandListOptions :: CommandUI flags -> [String]
commandListOptions command =
  concatMap listOption $
    addCommonFlags ShowArgs $ -- This is a slight hack, we don't want
                              -- "--list-options" showing up in the
                              -- list options output, so use ShowArgs
      commandGetOpts ShowArgs command
  where
    listOption (GetOpt.Option shortNames longNames _ _) =
         [ "-"  ++ [name] | name <- shortNames ]
      ++ [ "--" ++  name  | name <- longNames ]

-- | The help text for this command with descriptions of all the options.
commandHelp :: CommandUI flags -> String -> String
commandHelp command pname =
    commandSynopsis command
 ++ "\n\n"
 ++ commandUsage command pname
 ++ ( case commandDescription command of
        Nothing   -> ""
        Just desc -> '\n': desc pname)
 ++ "\n"
 ++ ( if cname == ""
        then "Global flags:"
        else "Flags for " ++ cname ++ ":" )
 ++ ( GetOpt.usageInfo ""
    . addCommonFlags ShowArgs
    $ commandGetOpts ShowArgs command )
 ++ ( case commandNotes command of
        Nothing   -> ""
        Just notes -> '\n': notes pname)
  where cname = commandName command

-- | Default "usage" documentation text for commands.
usageDefault :: String -> String -> String
usageDefault name pname =
     "Usage: " ++ pname ++ " " ++ name ++ " [FLAGS]\n\n"
  ++ "Flags for " ++ name ++ ":"

-- | Create "usage" documentation from a list of parameter
--   configurations.
usageAlternatives :: String -> [String] -> String -> String
usageAlternatives name strs pname = unlines
  [ start ++ pname ++ " " ++ name ++ " " ++ s
  | let starts = "Usage: " : repeat "   or: "
  , (start, s) <- zip starts strs
  ]

-- | Make a Command from standard 'GetOpt' options.
mkCommandUI :: String          -- ^ name
            -> String          -- ^ synopsis
            -> [String]        -- ^ usage alternatives
            -> flags           -- ^ initial\/empty flags
            -> (ShowOrParseArgs -> [OptionField flags]) -- ^ options
            -> CommandUI flags
mkCommandUI name synopsis usages flags options = CommandUI
  { commandName         = name
  , commandSynopsis     = synopsis
  , commandDescription  = Nothing
  , commandNotes        = Nothing
  , commandUsage        = usageAlternatives name usages
  , commandDefaultFlags = flags
  , commandOptions      = options
  }

-- | Common flags that apply to every command
data CommonFlag = HelpFlag | ListOptionsFlag

commonFlags :: ShowOrParseArgs -> [GetOpt.OptDescr CommonFlag]
commonFlags showOrParseArgs = case showOrParseArgs of
  ShowArgs  -> [help]
  ParseArgs -> [help, list]
 where
    help = GetOpt.Option helpShortFlags ["help"] (GetOpt.NoArg HelpFlag)
             "Show this help text"
    helpShortFlags = case showOrParseArgs of
      ShowArgs  -> ['h']
      ParseArgs -> ['h', '?']
    list = GetOpt.Option [] ["list-options"] (GetOpt.NoArg ListOptionsFlag)
             "Print a list of command line flags"

addCommonFlags :: ShowOrParseArgs
               -> [GetOpt.OptDescr a]
               -> [GetOpt.OptDescr (Either CommonFlag a)]
addCommonFlags showOrParseArgs options =
     map (fmapOptDesc Left)  (commonFlags showOrParseArgs)
  ++ map (fmapOptDesc Right) options
  where fmapOptDesc f (GetOpt.Option s l d m) =
                       GetOpt.Option s l (fmapArgDesc f d) m
        fmapArgDesc f (GetOpt.NoArg a)    = GetOpt.NoArg (f a)
        fmapArgDesc f (GetOpt.ReqArg s d) = GetOpt.ReqArg (f . s) d
        fmapArgDesc f (GetOpt.OptArg s d) = GetOpt.OptArg (f . s) d

-- | Parse a bunch of command line arguments
--
commandParseArgs :: CommandUI flags
                 -> Bool      -- ^ Is the command a global or subcommand?
                 -> [String]
                 -> CommandParse (flags -> flags, [String])
commandParseArgs command global args =
  let options = addCommonFlags ParseArgs
              $ commandGetOpts ParseArgs command
      order | global    = GetOpt.RequireOrder
            | otherwise = GetOpt.Permute
  in case GetOpt.getOpt' order options args of
    (flags, _, _,  _)
      | any listFlag flags -> CommandList (commandListOptions command)
      | any helpFlag flags -> CommandHelp (commandHelp command)
      where listFlag (Left ListOptionsFlag) = True; listFlag _ = False
            helpFlag (Left HelpFlag)        = True; helpFlag _ = False
    (flags, opts, opts', [])
      | global || null opts' -> CommandReadyToGo (accum flags, mix opts opts')
      | otherwise            -> CommandErrors (unrecognised opts')
    (_, _, _, errs)          -> CommandErrors errs

  where -- Note: It is crucial to use reverse function composition here or to
        -- reverse the flags here as we want to process the flags left to right
        -- but data flow in function composition is right to left.
        accum flags = foldr (flip (.)) id [ f | Right f <- flags ]
        unrecognised opts = [ "unrecognized "
                              ++ "'" ++ (commandName command) ++ "'"
                              ++ " option `" ++ opt ++ "'\n"
                            | opt <- opts ]
        -- For unrecognised global flags we put them in the position just after
        -- the command, if there is one. This gives us a chance to parse them
        -- as sub-command rather than global flags.
        mix []     ys = ys
        mix (x:xs) ys = x:ys++xs

data CommandParse flags = CommandHelp (String -> String)
                        | CommandList [String]
                        | CommandErrors [String]
                        | CommandReadyToGo flags
instance Functor CommandParse where
  fmap _ (CommandHelp help)       = CommandHelp help
  fmap _ (CommandList opts)       = CommandList opts
  fmap _ (CommandErrors errs)     = CommandErrors errs
  fmap f (CommandReadyToGo flags) = CommandReadyToGo (f flags)


data CommandType = NormalCommand | HiddenCommand
data Command action =
  Command String String ([String] -> CommandParse action) CommandType

-- | Mark command as hidden. Hidden commands don't show up in the 'progname
-- help' or 'progname --help' output.
hiddenCommand :: Command action -> Command action
hiddenCommand (Command name synopsys f _cmdType) =
  Command name synopsys f HiddenCommand

commandAddAction :: CommandUI flags
                 -> (flags -> [String] -> action)
                 -> Command action
commandAddAction command action =
  Command (commandName command)
          (commandSynopsis command)
          (fmap (uncurry applyDefaultArgs) . commandParseArgs command False)
          NormalCommand

  where applyDefaultArgs mkflags args =
          let flags = mkflags (commandDefaultFlags command)
           in action flags args

commandsRun :: CommandUI a
            -> [Command action]
            -> [String]
            -> CommandParse (a, CommandParse action)
commandsRun globalCommand commands args =
  case commandParseArgs globalCommand True args of
    CommandHelp      help          -> CommandHelp help
    CommandList      opts          -> CommandList (opts ++ commandNames)
    CommandErrors    errs          -> CommandErrors errs
    CommandReadyToGo (mkflags, args') -> case args' of
      ("help":cmdArgs) -> handleHelpCommand cmdArgs
      (name:cmdArgs)   -> case lookupCommand name of
        [Command _ _ action _]
          -> CommandReadyToGo (flags, action cmdArgs)
        _ -> CommandReadyToGo (flags, badCommand name)
      []               -> CommandReadyToGo (flags, noCommand)
     where flags = mkflags (commandDefaultFlags globalCommand)

 where
    lookupCommand cname = [ cmd | cmd@(Command cname' _ _ _) <- commands'
                                , cname' == cname ]
    noCommand        = CommandErrors ["no command given (try --help)\n"]
    badCommand cname = CommandErrors ["unrecognised command: " ++ cname
                                   ++ " (try --help)\n"]
    commands'      = commands ++ [commandAddAction helpCommandUI undefined]
    commandNames   = [ name | (Command name _ _ NormalCommand) <- commands' ]

    -- A bit of a hack: support "prog help" as a synonym of "prog --help"
    -- furthermore, support "prog help command" as "prog command --help"
    handleHelpCommand cmdArgs =
      case commandParseArgs helpCommandUI True cmdArgs of
        CommandHelp      help    -> CommandHelp help
        CommandList      list    -> CommandList (list ++ commandNames)
        CommandErrors    _       -> CommandHelp globalHelp
        CommandReadyToGo (_,[])  -> CommandHelp globalHelp
        CommandReadyToGo (_,(name:cmdArgs')) ->
          case lookupCommand name of
            [Command _ _ action _] ->
              case action ("--help":cmdArgs') of
                CommandHelp help -> CommandHelp help
                CommandList _    -> CommandList []
                _                -> CommandHelp globalHelp
            _                    -> badCommand name

     where globalHelp = commandHelp globalCommand

-- | Utility function, many commands do not accept additional flags. This
-- action fails with a helpful error message if the user supplies any extra.
--
noExtraFlags :: [String] -> IO ()
noExtraFlags [] = return ()
noExtraFlags extraFlags =
  dieNoVerbosity $ "Unrecognised flags: " ++ intercalate ", " extraFlags
--TODO: eliminate this function and turn it into a variant on commandAddAction
--      instead like commandAddActionNoArgs that doesn't supply the [String]

-- | Helper function for creating globalCommand description
getNormalCommandDescriptions :: [Command action] -> [(String, String)]
getNormalCommandDescriptions cmds =
  [ (name, description)
  | Command name description _ NormalCommand <- cmds ]

helpCommandUI :: CommandUI ()
helpCommandUI =
  (mkCommandUI
    "help"
    "Help about commands."
    ["[FLAGS]", "COMMAND [FLAGS]"]
    ()
    (const []))
  {
    commandNotes = Just $ \pname ->
       "Examples:\n"
    ++ "  " ++ pname ++ " help help\n"
    ++ "    Oh, appararently you already know this.\n"
  }

-- | wraps a @CommandUI@ together with a function that turns it into a @Command@.
-- By hiding the type of flags for the UI allows construction of a list of all UIs at the
-- top level of the program. That list can then be used for generation of manual page
-- as well as for executing the selected command.
data CommandSpec action
  = forall flags. CommandSpec (CommandUI flags) (CommandUI flags -> Command action) CommandType

commandFromSpec :: CommandSpec a -> Command a
commandFromSpec (CommandSpec ui action _) = action ui
