-- Auto-generated for Macaulay2-1.21. Do not modify this file manually. --

                          Running Macaulay2 in Emacs

running Macaulay2 in emacs
**************************

Because some answers can be very wide, it is a good idea to run Macaulay2 in a
window that does not wrap output lines and allows the user to scroll
horizontally to see the rest of the output.  We provide a package for "emacs"
that implements this. It also provides for dynamic completion of symbols in the
language.


There is an ASCII version of this section of the documentation distributed in
the file share/emacs/site-lisp/macaulay2/M2-emacs-help.txt. It might be useful
for you to visit that file with emacs now, thereby avoiding having to cut and
paste bits of text into emacs buffers for the demonstrations below.


If you are a newcomer to emacs, start up emacs with the command emacs and then
start up the emacs tutorial with the keystrokes C-h t.  (The notation C-h
indicates that you should type Control-H, by holding down the control key, and
pressing H.)  The emacs tutorial will introduce you to the basic keystrokes
useful with emacs.  After running through that you will want to examine the
online emacs manual that can be read with info mode; you may enter or re-enter
that mode with the keystrokes C-h i. You may also want to purchase (or print
out) the emacs manual.  It is cheap, comprehensive and informative.  Once you
have spent an hour with the emacs tutorial and manual, come back and continue
from this point.


We assume you have taught emacs how to find Macaulay2's files, as described in
the previous sections, and that emacs is loading the file M2-init.el
successfully.  Loading that file will cause emacs to enter a special mode for
editing Macaulay2 code whenever a file whose name has the form *.m2 is
encountered.  It will also provide a special mode for running Macaulay2 in an
emacs buffer.  It sets the variable transient-mark-mode to have a different
value in each buffer, and sets hooks so that transient-mark-mode will be set to
t in M2 buffers.  The effect of this is that the mark is only active
occasionally, and then emacs functions that act on a region of text will refuse
to proceed unless the mark is active.  The set-mark function or the
exchange-point-and-mark function will activate the mark, and it will remain
active until some change occurs to the buffer.  The only reason we recommend
the use of this mode is so the same key can be used to evaluate a line or a
region of code, depending on whether the region is active.


Exit and restart emacs with your new initialization file. If you are reading
this file with emacs, then use the keystrokes C-x 2 to divide the buffer
containing this file into two windows. Then press the M-x M2 to start up
Macaulay2 in a buffer named *M2*.  (The command line used to start Macaulay2
may be edited before being run if you use a prefix argument with the above
command: press C-u just before.)


If this doesn't start up Macaulay2, one reason may be that your function keys
are not operable.  In that case press M-x M2 instead.  (The notation M-x is
emacs notation for pressing the x key while holding down the Meta or Alt key.)
If that doesn't work, please see "teaching emacs how to find M2-init.el" and
"teaching emacs how to find M2".


You may wish to bind the emacs function M2-send-to-program to a global
keystroke for ease of use; this is done automatically for in Macaulay2 buffers.
For example, the following emacs code will bind it to the function key f11.


(global-set-key [ f11 ] 'M2-send-to-program)


You may use C-x o freely to switch from one window to the other. Verify that
Macaulay2 is running by entering a command such as 2+2. Now paste the following
text into a buffer, unless you have the ASCII version of this documentation in
an emacs buffer already, position the cursor on the first line of code, and
press the f11 function key repeatedly to present each line to Macaulay2.


i1 : R = ZZ/101[x,y,z]
     i2 : f = symmetricPower(2,vars R)
     i3 : M = cokernel f
     i4 : C = resolution M
     i5 : betti C


Notice that the input prompts are not submitted to Macaulay2.


Here is a way to conduct a demo of Macaulay2 in which the code to be submitted
is not visible on the screen.  Visit a file called foo.m2 and paste the
following text into it.


20!
     4 + 5 * 2^20
     -- that's all folks!


Press M-f11 with your cursor in this buffer to designate it as the source for
the Macaulay2 commands.  (The notation M-f11 means that while holding the Meta
key down, you should press the f11 function key.  The Meta key is the Alt key
on some keyboards, or it can be simulated by pressing Escape (just once) and
following that with the key you wanted to press while the meta key was held
down.)  Then position your cursor (and thus the emacs point) within the line
containing 20!.  Now press M-x M2-demo to open up a new frame called DEMO for
the *M2* window with a large font suitable for use with a projector, and with
your cursor in that frame, press f11 a few times to conduct the demo.  (If the
font or frame is the wrong size, you may have to create a copy of the file
M2.el with a version of the function M2-demo modified to fit your screen.)


One press of f11 brings the next line of code forward into the *M2* buffer, and
the next press executes it.  Use C-x 5 0 when you want the demo frame to go
away.


There is a way to send a region of text to Macaulay2: simply select a region of
text, making sure the mark is active (as described above) and press f11. Try
that on the list below; put it into an emacs buffer, move your cursor to the
start of the list, press M-C-@ or M-C-space to mark the list, and then press
f11 to send it to Macaulay2.  (The notation M-C-@ means: while holding down the
Meta key and the Control key press the @ key, for which you'll also need the
shift key.)


{a,b,c,d,e,f,
     g,h,i,j,k,l,
     m,n}


We have developed a system for incorporating Macaulay2 interactions into TeX
files.  Here is an example of how that looks.  Paste the following text into an
emacs buffer.


The answer, 4, is displayed after the output label ``{\tt o1\ =}''.
     Multiplication is indicated with the traditional {\tt *}.
     <<<1*2*3*4>>>
     Powers are obtained as follows.
     <<<2^100>>>


The bits in brackets can be submitted to Macaulay2 easily.  Position your
cursor at the top of the buffer and press F10.  The cursor will move just past
the first <<<, and the emacs mark will be positioned just before the >>>.  Thus
1*2*3*4 is the region, and it will even be highlighted if you have set the
emacs variable transient-mark-mode to t for this buffer.  Pressing f11 will
send 1*2*3*4 to Macaulay2 for execution: try it now.  A sequence of such
Macaulay2 commands can be executed by alternately pressing F10 and f11.  You
may also use M-F10 to move backward to the previous bracketed expression.


Now go to the very end of the *M2* buffer with M-> and experiment with keyword
completion.  Type reso and then press the TAB key.  Notice how the word is
completed to resolution for you.  Delete the word with M-DEL, type res and then
press the TAB key.  The possible completions are displayed in a window.  Switch
to it with the F8 key, move to the desired completion, select it with the
RETURN key, and then return to the *M2* buffer with C-x o.  Alternatively, if
you have a mouse, use the middle button to select the desired completion.


Experiment with command line history in the *M2* buffer.  Position your cursor
at the end of the buffer, and then use M-p and M-n to move to the previous and
next line of input remembered in the history.  When you get to one you'd like
to run again, simply press return to do so.  Or edit it slightly to change it
before pressing return.
