/* -*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset:4 ; indent-tabs-mode:nil -*- */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2007 The Trustees of Indiana University and Indiana
 *                         University Research and Technology
 *                         Corporation.  All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2005 The University of Tennessee and The University
 *                         of Tennessee Research Foundation.  All rights
 *                         reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2005 High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart,
 *                         University of Stuttgart.  All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2005 The Regents of the University of California.
 *                         All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2009-2020 Cisco Systems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2013-2017 Los Alamos National Security, LLC. All rights
 *                         reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Research Organization for Information Science
 *                         and Technology (RIST). All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2016-2020 IBM Corporation.  All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2025      Triad National Security, LLC. All rights reserved.
 *
 * $COPYRIGHT$
 *
 * Additional copyrights may follow
 *
 * $HEADER$
 */

#include "memory_patcher.h"

#include "opal/mca/memory/base/base.h"
#include "opal/mca/memory/base/empty.h"
#include "opal/mca/patcher/base/base.h"
#include "opal/memoryhooks/memory.h"
#include "opal/util/output.h"
#include "opal/util/show_help.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#if defined(HAVE_SYS_SYSCALL_H)
#    include <sys/syscall.h>
#endif
#if defined(HAVE_LINUX_MMAN_H)
#    include <linux/mman.h>
#endif
#if defined(HAVE_SYS_IPC_H)
#    include <sys/ipc.h>
#endif

#include "memory_patcher.h"
#undef opal_memory_changed

#if defined(SYS_shmdt) || (defined(IPCOP_shmdt) && defined(SYS_ipc))
#    define HAS_SHMDT 1
#else
#    define HAS_SHMDT 0
#endif

#if defined(SYS_shmat) || (defined(IPCOP_shmat) && defined(SYS_ipc))
#    define HAS_SHMAT 1
#else
#    define HAS_SHMAT 0
#endif

static int patcher_open(void);
static int patcher_close(void);
static int patcher_register(void);
static int patcher_query(int *);

static int mca_memory_patcher_priority;
static int was_executed_already = 0;

opal_memory_patcher_component_t mca_memory_patcher_component = {
    .super =
        {
            .memoryc_version =
                {
                    OPAL_MEMORY_BASE_VERSION_2_0_0,

                    /* Component name and version */
                    .mca_component_name = "patcher",
                    MCA_BASE_MAKE_VERSION(component, OPAL_MAJOR_VERSION, OPAL_MINOR_VERSION,
                                          OPAL_RELEASE_VERSION),

                    /* Component open and close functions */
                    .mca_open_component = patcher_open,
                    .mca_close_component = patcher_close,
                    .mca_register_component_params = patcher_register,
                },
            .memoryc_data =
                {/* The component is checkpoint ready */
                 MCA_BASE_METADATA_PARAM_CHECKPOINT},

            /* Memory framework functions. */
            .memoryc_query = patcher_query,
            .memoryc_register = opal_memory_base_component_register_empty,
            .memoryc_deregister = opal_memory_base_component_deregister_empty,
            .memoryc_set_alignment = opal_memory_base_component_set_alignment_empty,
        },

    /* Component-specific data, filled in later (compiler will 0/NULL
       it out) */
};

#if HAVE_DECL___SYSCALL && defined(HAVE___SYSCALL)
/* calling __syscall is preferred on some systems when some arguments may be 64-bit. it also
 * has the benefit of having an off_t return type */
#    define memory_patcher_syscall __syscall
#else
#    define memory_patcher_syscall syscall
#endif

/* All the hooks in this file have two levels. The first level has the OPAL_PATCHER_* macros
 * around the call to the second level. This was done because with xlc the compiler was
 * generating an access to r2 before the OPAL_PATCHER_* assembly. This was loading invalid
 * data. If this can be resolved the two levels can be joined.
 */

/*
 * Nathan's original fix described above can have the same problem reappear if the
 * interception functions inline themselves.
 */
static void *_intercept_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd,
                             off_t offset) __opal_attribute_noinline__;
static int _intercept_munmap(void *start, size_t length) __opal_attribute_noinline__;
#if defined(SYS_mremap)
#    if defined(__linux__)
static void *_intercept_mremap(void *start, size_t oldlen, size_t newlen, int flags,
                               void *new_address) __opal_attribute_noinline__;
#    else
static void *_intercept_mremap(void *start, size_t oldlen, void *new_address, size_t newlen,
                               int flags) __opal_attribute_noinline__;
#    endif // defined(__linux__)
#endif // defined(SYS_mremap)
static int _intercept_madvise(void *start, size_t length, int advice) __opal_attribute_noinline__;
#if defined SYS_brk
static int _intercept_brk(void *addr) __opal_attribute_noinline__;
#endif
#if defined(__linux__)
#    if HAS_SHMAT
static void *_intercept_shmat(int shmid, const void *shmaddr,
                              int shmflg) __opal_attribute_noinline__;
#    endif // HAS_SHMAT
#    if HAS_SHMDT
static int _intercept_shmdt(const void *shmaddr) __opal_attribute_noinline__;
#    endif // HAS_SHMDT
#endif // defined(__linux__)

#if defined(SYS_mmap)

#    if defined(HAVE___MMAP) && !HAVE_DECL___MMAP
/* prototype for Apple's internal mmap function */
void *__mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
#    endif

static void *(*original_mmap)(void *, size_t, int, int, int, off_t);

static void *_intercept_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
{
    void *result = 0;

    if ((flags & MAP_FIXED) && (start != NULL)) {
        opal_mem_hooks_release_hook(start, length, true);
    }

    if (!original_mmap) {
        result = (void *) (intptr_t) memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_mmap, start, length, prot, flags,
                                                            fd, offset);
    } else {
        result = original_mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
    }

    return result;
}

static void *intercept_mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset)
{
    OPAL_PATCHER_BEGIN;
    void *result = _intercept_mmap(start, length, prot, flags, fd, offset);
    OPAL_PATCHER_END;
    return result;
}
#endif

#if defined(SYS_munmap)
static int (*original_munmap)(void *, size_t);

static int _intercept_munmap(void *start, size_t length)
{
    int result = 0;

    /* could be in a malloc implementation */
    opal_mem_hooks_release_hook(start, length, true);

    if (!original_munmap) {
        result = memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_munmap, start, length);
    } else {
        result = original_munmap(start, length);
    }

    return result;
}

static int intercept_munmap(void *start, size_t length)
{
    OPAL_PATCHER_BEGIN;
    int result = _intercept_munmap(start, length);
    OPAL_PATCHER_END;
    return result;
}

#endif

#if defined(SYS_mremap)

#    if defined(__linux__)
/* on linux this function has an optional extra argument but ... can not be used here because it
 * causes issues when intercepting a 4-argument mremap call */
static void *(*original_mremap)(void *, size_t, size_t, int, void *);
#    else
/* mremap has a different signature on BSD systems */
static void *(*original_mremap)(void *, size_t, void *, size_t, int);
#    endif

#    if defined(__linux__)
static void *_intercept_mremap(void *start, size_t oldlen, size_t newlen, int flags,
                               void *new_address)
#    else
static void *_intercept_mremap(void *start, size_t oldlen, void *new_address, size_t newlen,
                               int flags)
#    endif
{
    void *result = MAP_FAILED;

    if (MAP_FAILED != start && oldlen > 0) {
        opal_mem_hooks_release_hook(start, oldlen, true);
    }

#    if defined(MREMAP_FIXED)
    if (!(flags & MREMAP_FIXED)) {
        new_address = NULL;
    }
#    endif

#    if defined(__linux__)
    if (!original_mremap) {
        result = (void *) (intptr_t) memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_mremap, start, oldlen, newlen,
                                                            flags, new_address);
    } else {
        result = original_mremap(start, oldlen, newlen, flags, new_address);
    }
#    else
    if (!original_mremap) {
        result = (void *) (intptr_t) memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_mremap, start, oldlen, new_address,
                                                            newlen, flags);
    } else {
        result = original_mremap(start, oldlen, new_address, newlen, flags);
    }
#    endif

    return result;
}

#    if defined(__linux__)
static void *intercept_mremap(void *start, size_t oldlen, size_t newlen, int flags,
                              void *new_address)
{
    OPAL_PATCHER_BEGIN;
    void *result = _intercept_mremap(start, oldlen, newlen, flags, new_address);
    OPAL_PATCHER_END;
    return result;
}
#    else
static void *intercept_mremap(void *start, size_t oldlen, void *new_address, size_t newlen,
                              int flags)
{
    OPAL_PATCHER_BEGIN;
    void *result = _intercept_mremap(start, oldlen, new_address, newlen, flags);
    OPAL_PATCHER_END;
    return result;
}
#    endif

#endif

#if defined(SYS_madvise)

static int (*original_madvise)(void *, size_t, int);

static int _intercept_madvise(void *start, size_t length, int advice)
{
    int result = 0;

    if (advice == MADV_DONTNEED ||
#    ifdef MADV_FREE
        advice == MADV_FREE ||
#    endif
#    ifdef MADV_REMOVE
        advice == MADV_REMOVE ||
#    endif
        advice == POSIX_MADV_DONTNEED) {
        opal_mem_hooks_release_hook(start, length, true);
    }

    if (!original_madvise) {
        result = memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_madvise, start, length, advice);
    } else {
        result = original_madvise(start, length, advice);
    }

    return result;
}
static int intercept_madvise(void *start, size_t length, int advice)
{
    OPAL_PATCHER_BEGIN;
    int result = _intercept_madvise(start, length, advice);
    OPAL_PATCHER_END;
    return result;
}

#endif

#if defined SYS_brk

#    ifdef HAVE___CURBRK
extern void *__curbrk; /* in libc */
#    endif

static int (*original_brk)(void *);

static int _intercept_brk(void *addr)
{
    int result = 0;
    void *old_addr, *new_addr;

#    ifdef HAVE___CURBRK
    old_addr = __curbrk;
#    else
    old_addr = sbrk(0);
#    endif

    if (!original_brk) {
        /* get the current_addr */
        new_addr = (void *) (intptr_t) memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_brk, addr);

#    ifdef HAVE___CURBRK
        /*
         * Note: if we were using glibc brk/sbrk, their __curbrk would get
         * updated, but since we're going straight to the syscall, we have
         * to update __curbrk or else glibc won't see it.
         */
        __curbrk = new_addr;
#    endif
    } else {
        result = original_brk(addr);
#    ifdef HAVE___CURBRK
        new_addr = __curbrk;
#    else
        new_addr = sbrk(0);
#    endif
    }

    if (new_addr < addr) {
        errno = ENOMEM;
        result = -1;
    } else if (new_addr < old_addr) {
        opal_mem_hooks_release_hook(new_addr, (intptr_t) old_addr - (intptr_t) new_addr, true);
    }
    return result;
}

static int intercept_brk(void *addr)
{
    OPAL_PATCHER_BEGIN;
    int result = _intercept_brk(addr);
    OPAL_PATCHER_END;
    return result;
}

#endif

// These op codes used to be in bits/ipc.h but were removed in glibc in 2015
// with a comment saying they should be defined in internal headers:
// https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=18560
// and when glibc uses that syscall it seems to do so from its own definitions:
// https://github.com/bminor/glibc/search?q=IPCOP_shmat&unscoped_q=IPCOP_shmat
#ifndef IPCOP_shmat
#    define IPCOP_shmat 21
#endif
#ifndef IPCOP_shmdt
#    define IPCOP_shmdt 22
#endif

#if HAS_SHMDT || HAS_SHMAT
#    if defined(__linux__)

#        include <fcntl.h>
#        include <stdio.h>
#        include <sys/shm.h>

static size_t memory_patcher_get_shm_seg_size(const void *shmaddr)
{
    unsigned long start_addr, end_addr;
    char *ptr, *newline;
    char buffer[1024];
    size_t seg_size = 0;
    int fd;

    seg_size = 0;

    fd = open("/proc/self/maps", O_RDONLY);
    if (fd < 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    for (size_t read_offset = 0;;) {
        ssize_t nread = read(fd, buffer + read_offset, sizeof(buffer) - 1 - read_offset);
        if (nread <= 0) {
            if (errno == EINTR) {
                continue;
            }

            break;
        } else {
            buffer[nread + read_offset] = '\0';
        }

        ptr = buffer;
        while ((newline = strchr(ptr, '\n')) != NULL) {
            /* 00400000-0040b000 r-xp ... \n */
            int ret = sscanf(ptr, "%lx-%lx ", &start_addr, &end_addr);
            if (ret != 2) {
                continue;
            }

            if (start_addr == (uintptr_t) shmaddr) {
                seg_size = end_addr - start_addr;
                goto out_close;
            }

            newline = strchr(ptr, '\n');
            if (newline == NULL) {
                break;
            }

            ptr = newline + 1;
        }

        read_offset = strlen(ptr);
        memmove(buffer, ptr, read_offset);
    }

out_close:
    close(fd);
    return seg_size;
}

static size_t get_shm_size(int shmid)
{
    struct shmid_ds ds;
    int ret;

    ret = shmctl(shmid, IPC_STAT, &ds);
    if (ret < 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    return ds.shm_segsz;
}
#    endif
#endif

#if HAS_SHMAT
#    if defined(__linux__)
static void *(*original_shmat)(int shmid, const void *shmaddr, int shmflg);

static void *_intercept_shmat(int shmid, const void *shmaddr, int shmflg)
{
    void *result = 0;

    size_t size = get_shm_size(shmid);

    if ((shmflg & SHM_REMAP) && (shmaddr != NULL)) {
        // I don't really know what REMAP combined with SHM_RND does, so I'll just
        // guess it remaps all the way down to the lower attach_addr, and all the
        // way up to the original shmaddr+size
        uintptr_t attach_addr = (uintptr_t) shmaddr;

        if (shmflg & SHM_RND) {
            attach_addr -= ((uintptr_t) shmaddr) % SHMLBA;
            size += ((uintptr_t) shmaddr) % SHMLBA;
        }
        opal_mem_hooks_release_hook((void *) attach_addr, size, false);
    }

    if (!original_shmat) {
#        if defined(SYS_shmat)
        result = (void *) memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_shmat, shmid, shmaddr, shmflg);
#        else // IPCOP_shmat
        unsigned long ret;
        ret = memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_ipc, IPCOP_shmat, shmid, shmflg, &shmaddr, shmaddr);
        result = (ret > -(unsigned long) SHMLBA) ? (void *) ret : (void *) shmaddr;
#        endif
    } else {
        result = original_shmat(shmid, shmaddr, shmflg);
    }

    return result;
}

static void *intercept_shmat(int shmid, const void *shmaddr, int shmflg)
{
    OPAL_PATCHER_BEGIN;
    void *result = _intercept_shmat(shmid, shmaddr, shmflg);
    OPAL_PATCHER_END;
    return result;
}
#    endif
#endif

#if HAS_SHMDT
#    if defined(__linux__)
static int (*original_shmdt)(const void *);

static int _intercept_shmdt(const void *shmaddr)
{
    int result;

    /* opal_mem_hooks_release_hook should probably be updated to take a const void *.
     * for now just cast away the const */
    opal_mem_hooks_release_hook((void *) shmaddr, memory_patcher_get_shm_seg_size(shmaddr), false);

    if (original_shmdt) {
        result = original_shmdt(shmaddr);
    } else {
#        if defined(SYS_shmdt)
        result = memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_shmdt, shmaddr);
#        else // IPCOP_shmdt
        result = memory_patcher_syscall(SYS_ipc, IPCOP_shmdt, 0, 0, 0, shmaddr);
#        endif
    }

    return result;
}

static int intercept_shmdt(const void *shmaddr)
{
    OPAL_PATCHER_BEGIN;
    int result = _intercept_shmdt(shmaddr);
    OPAL_PATCHER_END;
    return result;
}
#    endif
#endif

static int patcher_register(void)
{
    mca_memory_patcher_priority = 80;
    mca_base_component_var_register(&mca_memory_patcher_component.super.memoryc_version, "priority",
                                    "Priority of the patcher memory hook component",
                                    MCA_BASE_VAR_TYPE_INT, NULL, 0, 0, OPAL_INFO_LVL_5,
                                    MCA_BASE_VAR_SCOPE_CONSTANT, &mca_memory_patcher_priority);

    return OPAL_SUCCESS;
}

static int patcher_query(int *priority)
{
    int rc;

    rc = mca_base_framework_open(&opal_patcher_base_framework, 0);
    if (OPAL_SUCCESS != rc) {
        *priority = -1;
        return OPAL_SUCCESS;
    }

    *priority = mca_memory_patcher_priority;

    return OPAL_SUCCESS;
}

static int patcher_open(void)
{
    int rc;

    if (was_executed_already) {
        return OPAL_SUCCESS;
    }

    was_executed_already = 1;

    rc = opal_patcher_base_select();
    if (OPAL_SUCCESS != rc) {
        mca_base_framework_close(&opal_patcher_base_framework);
        return OPAL_ERR_NOT_AVAILABLE;
    }

    /* set memory hooks support level */
    opal_mem_hooks_set_support(OPAL_MEMORY_FREE_SUPPORT | OPAL_MEMORY_MUNMAP_SUPPORT);

#if defined(SYS_mmap)
    rc = opal_patcher->patch_symbol("mmap", (uintptr_t) intercept_mmap,
                                    (uintptr_t *) &original_mmap);
    if (OPAL_SUCCESS != rc) {
        goto err_patching;
    }
#endif

#if defined(SYS_munmap)
    rc = opal_patcher->patch_symbol("munmap", (uintptr_t) intercept_munmap,
                                    (uintptr_t *) &original_munmap);
    if (OPAL_SUCCESS != rc) {
        goto err_patching;
    }
#endif

#if defined(SYS_mremap)
    rc = opal_patcher->patch_symbol("mremap", (uintptr_t) intercept_mremap,
                                    (uintptr_t *) &original_mremap);
    if (OPAL_SUCCESS != rc) {
        goto err_patching;
    }
#endif

#if defined(SYS_madvise)
    rc = opal_patcher->patch_symbol("madvise", (uintptr_t) intercept_madvise,
                                    (uintptr_t *) &original_madvise);
    if (OPAL_SUCCESS != rc) {
        goto err_patching;
    }
#endif

#if HAS_SHMAT
#    if defined(__linux__)
    rc = opal_patcher->patch_symbol("shmat", (uintptr_t) intercept_shmat,
                                    (uintptr_t *) &original_shmat);
    if (OPAL_SUCCESS != rc) {
        goto err_patching;
    }
#    endif
#endif

#if defined(__linux__)
#    if HAS_SHMDT
    rc = opal_patcher->patch_symbol("shmdt", (uintptr_t) intercept_shmdt,
                                    (uintptr_t *) &original_shmdt);
    if (OPAL_SUCCESS != rc) {
        goto err_patching;
    }
#    endif
#endif

#if defined(SYS_brk)
    rc = opal_patcher->patch_symbol("brk", (uintptr_t) intercept_brk, (uintptr_t *) &original_brk);
#endif

    if (OPAL_SUCCESS != rc) {
        goto err_patching;
    }

    return OPAL_SUCCESS;

err_patching:
    /* In the case we had a problem patching, set this flag to 0 so we do not
       directly return OPAL_SUCCESS if we call patcher_open() again. */
    was_executed_already = 0;
    opal_patcher_base_restore_all();

    return rc;
}

static int patcher_close(void)
{
    mca_base_framework_close(&opal_patcher_base_framework);

    was_executed_already = 0;

    /* Note that we don't need to unpatch any symbols here; the
       patcher framework will take care of all of that for us. */
    return OPAL_SUCCESS;
}
