/* ========================================================================== */
/* === Supernodal/t_cholmod_super_numeric =================================== */
/* ========================================================================== */

/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * CHOLMOD/Supernodal Module.  Copyright (C) 2005-2012, Timothy A. Davis
 * http://www.suitesparse.com
 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

/* Template routine for cholmod_super_numeric.  All xtypes supported, except
 * that a zomplex A and F result in a complex L (there is no supernodal
 * zomplex L).
 */

/* ========================================================================== */
/* === complex arithmetic =================================================== */
/* ========================================================================== */

#include "cholmod_template.h"

#undef L_ENTRY
#undef L_CLEAR
#undef L_ASSIGN
#undef L_MULTADD
#undef L_ASSEMBLE
#undef L_ASSEMBLESUB

#ifdef REAL

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* A, F, and L are all real */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#define L_ENTRY 1
#define L_CLEAR(Lx,p)               Lx [p] = 0
#define L_ASSIGN(Lx,q, Ax,Az,p)     Lx [q] = Ax [p]
#define L_MULTADD(Lx,q, Ax,Az,p, f) Lx [q] += Ax [p] * f [0]
#define L_ASSEMBLE(Lx,q,b)          Lx [q] += b [0]
#define L_ASSEMBLESUB(Lx,q,C,p)     Lx [q] -= C [p]

#else

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* A and F are complex or zomplex, L and C are complex */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#define L_ENTRY 2
#define L_CLEAR(Lx,p)               Lx [2*(p)] = 0 ; Lx [2*(p)+1] = 0
#define L_ASSEMBLE(Lx,q,b)          Lx [2*(q)] += b [0] ;
#define L_ASSEMBLESUB(Lx,q,C,p)                 \
    Lx [2*(q)  ] -= C [2*(p)  ] ;               \
    Lx [2*(q)+1] -= C [2*(p)+1] ;

#ifdef COMPLEX

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* A, F, L, and C are all complex */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#define L_ASSIGN(Lx,q, Ax,Az,p)                 \
    Lx [2*(q)  ] = Ax [2*(p)  ] ;               \
    Lx [2*(q)+1] = Ax [2*(p)+1]

#define L_MULTADD(Lx,q, Ax,Az,p, f)                                     \
    Lx [2*(q)  ] += Ax [2*(p)  ] * f [0] - Ax [2*(p)+1] * f [1] ;       \
    Lx [2*(q)+1] += Ax [2*(p)+1] * f [0] + Ax [2*(p)  ] * f [1]

#else

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* A and F are zomplex, L and C is complex */
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#define L_ASSIGN(Lx,q, Ax,Az,p)                 \
    Lx [2*(q)  ] = Ax [p] ;                     \
    Lx [2*(q)+1] = Az [p] ;

#define L_MULTADD(Lx,q, Ax,Az,p, f)                     \
    Lx [2*(q)  ] += Ax [p] * f [0] - Az [p] * f [1] ;   \
    Lx [2*(q)+1] += Az [p] * f [0] + Ax [p] * f [1]

#endif
#endif


/* ========================================================================== */
/* === t_cholmod_super_numeric ============================================== */
/* ========================================================================== */

/* This function returns FALSE only if integer overflow occurs in the BLAS.
 * It returns TRUE otherwise whether or not the matrix is positive definite. */

static int TEMPLATE (cholmod_super_numeric)
(
    /* ---- input ---- */
    cholmod_sparse *A,  /* matrix to factorize */
    cholmod_sparse *F,  /* F = A' or A(:,f)' */
    double beta [2],    /* beta*I is added to diagonal of matrix to factorize */
    /* ---- in/out --- */
    cholmod_factor *L,  /* factorization */
    /* -- workspace -- */
    cholmod_dense *Cwork,       /* size (L->maxcsize)-by-1 */
    /* --------------- */
    cholmod_common *Common
    )
{
    double one [2], zero [2], tstart ;
    double *Lx, *Ax, *Fx, *Az, *Fz, *C ;
    Int *Super, *Head, *Ls, *Lpi, *Lpx, *Map, *SuperMap, *RelativeMap, *Next,
        *Lpos, *Fp, *Fi, *Fnz, *Ap, *Ai, *Anz, *Iwork, *Next_save, *Lpos_save,
        *Previous;
    Int nsuper, n, j, i, k, s, p, pend, k1, k2, nscol, psi, psx, psend, nsrow,
        pj, d, kd1, kd2, info, ndcol, ndrow, pdi, pdx, pdend, pdi1, pdi2, pdx1,
        ndrow1, ndrow2, px, dancestor, sparent, dnext, nsrow2, ndrow3, pk, pf,
        pfend, stype, Apacked, Fpacked, q, imap, repeat_supernode, nscol2, ss,
        tail, nscol_new = 0;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* declarations for the GPU */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    /* these variables are not used if the GPU module is not installed */

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
    Int ndescendants, mapCreatedOnGpu, supernodeUsedGPU,
        idescendant, dlarge, dsmall, skips ;
    int iHostBuff, iDevBuff, useGPU, GPUavailable ;
    cholmod_gpu_pointers *gpu_p, gpu_pointer_struct ;
    gpu_p = &gpu_pointer_struct ;
#endif

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* guard against integer overflow in the BLAS */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    /* If integer overflow occurs in the BLAS, Common->status is set to
     * CHOLMOD_TOO_LARGE, and the contents of Lx are undefined. */
    Common->blas_ok = TRUE ;

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* get inputs */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    nsuper = L->nsuper ;
    n = L->n ;

    C = Cwork->x ;      /* workspace of size L->maxcsize */

    one [0] =  1.0 ;    /* ALPHA for *syrk, *herk, *gemm, and *trsm */
    one [1] =  0. ;
    zero [0] = 0. ;     /* BETA for *syrk, *herk, and *gemm */
    zero [1] = 0. ;

    /* Iwork must be of size 2n + 5*nsuper, allocated in the caller,
     * cholmod_super_numeric.  The memory cannot be allocated here because the
     * cholmod_super_numeric initializes SuperMap, and cholmod_allocate_work
     * does not preserve existing workspace if the space needs to be increase
     * in size. */

    /* allocate integer workspace */
    Iwork = Common->Iwork ;
    SuperMap    = Iwork ;                                   /* size n (i/i/l) */
    RelativeMap = Iwork + n ;                               /* size n (i/i/l) */
    Next        = Iwork + 2*((size_t) n) ;                  /* size nsuper*/
    Lpos        = Iwork + 2*((size_t) n) + nsuper ;         /* size nsuper*/
    Next_save   = Iwork + 2*((size_t) n) + 2*((size_t) nsuper) ;/* size nsuper*/
    Lpos_save   = Iwork + 2*((size_t) n) + 3*((size_t) nsuper) ;/* size nsuper*/
    Previous    = Iwork + 2*((size_t) n) + 4*((size_t) nsuper) ;/* size nsuper*/

    Map  = Common->Flag ;   /* size n, use Flag as workspace for Map array */
    Head = Common->Head ;   /* size n+1, only Head [0..nsuper-1] used */

    Ls = L->s ;
    Lpi = L->pi ;
    Lpx = L->px ;

    Super = L->super ;

    Lx = L->x ;

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
    /* local copy of useGPU */
    if ( (Common->useGPU == 1) && L->useGPU)
    {
        /* Initialize the GPU.  If not found, don't use it. */
        useGPU = TEMPLATE2 (CHOLMOD (gpu_init))
            (C, L, Common, nsuper, n, Lpi[nsuper]-Lpi[0], gpu_p) ;
    }
    else
    {
        useGPU = 0;
    }
    /* fprintf (stderr, "local useGPU %d\n", useGPU) ; */
#endif

#ifndef NTIMER
    /* clear GPU / CPU statistics */
    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_GEMM_CALLS  = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_SYRK_CALLS  = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_TRSM_CALLS  = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_POTRF_CALLS = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_GPU_GEMM_CALLS  = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_GPU_SYRK_CALLS  = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_GPU_TRSM_CALLS  = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_GPU_POTRF_CALLS = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_GEMM_TIME   = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_SYRK_TIME   = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_TRSM_TIME   = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_POTRF_TIME  = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_GPU_GEMM_TIME   = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_GPU_SYRK_TIME   = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_GPU_TRSM_TIME   = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_GPU_POTRF_TIME  = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_ASSEMBLE_TIME   = 0 ;
    Common->CHOLMOD_ASSEMBLE_TIME2  = 0 ;
#endif

    stype = A->stype ;

    if (stype != 0)
    {
        /* F not accessed */
        Fp = NULL ;
        Fi = NULL ;
        Fx = NULL ;
        Fz = NULL ;
        Fnz = NULL ;
        Fpacked = TRUE ;
    }
    else
    {
        Fp = F->p ;
        Fi = F->i ;
        Fx = F->x ;
        Fz = F->z ;
        Fnz = F->nz ;
        Fpacked = F->packed ;
    }

    Ap = A->p ;
    Ai = A->i ;
    Ax = A->x ;
    Az = A->z ;
    Anz = A->nz ;
    Apacked = A->packed ;

    /* clear the Map so that changes in the pattern of A can be detected */

#pragma omp parallel for num_threads(CHOLMOD_OMP_NUM_THREADS) \
    if ( n > 128 ) schedule (static)

    for (i = 0 ; i < n ; i++)
    {
        Map [i] = EMPTY ;
    }

    /* If the matrix is not positive definite, the supernode s containing the
     * first zero or negative diagonal entry of L is repeated (but factorized
     * only up to just before the problematic diagonal entry). The purpose is
     * to provide MATLAB with [R,p]=chol(A); columns 1 to p-1 of L=R' are
     * required, where L(p,p) is the problematic diagonal entry.  The
     * repeat_supernode flag tells us whether this is the repeated supernode.
     * Once supernode s is repeated, the factorization is terminated. */
    repeat_supernode = FALSE ;

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
    if ( useGPU )
    {
        /* Case of GPU, zero all supernodes at one time for better performance*/
        TEMPLATE2 (CHOLMOD (gpu_clear_memory))(Lx, L->xsize,
            CHOLMOD_OMP_NUM_THREADS);
    }
#endif

    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
    /* supernodal numerical factorization */
    /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */

    for (s = 0 ; s < nsuper ; s++)
    {

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* get the size of supernode s */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        k1 = Super [s] ;            /* s contains columns k1 to k2-1 of L */
        k2 = Super [s+1] ;
        nscol = k2 - k1 ;           /* # of columns in all of s */
        psi = Lpi [s] ;             /* pointer to first row of s in Ls */
        psx = Lpx [s] ;             /* pointer to first row of s in Lx */
        psend = Lpi [s+1] ;         /* pointer just past last row of s in Ls */
        nsrow = psend - psi ;       /* # of rows in all of s */

        PRINT1 (("====================================================\n"
                 "S "ID" k1 "ID" k2 "ID" nsrow "ID" nscol "ID" psi "ID" psend "
                 ""ID" psx "ID"\n", s, k1, k2, nsrow, nscol, psi, psend, psx)) ;
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* zero the supernode s */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        ASSERT ((size_t) (psx + nsrow*nscol) <= L->xsize) ;

        pend = psx + nsrow * nscol ;        /* s is nsrow-by-nscol */

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
        if ( !useGPU )
#endif
        {
            /* Case of no GPU, zero individual supernodes */

#pragma omp parallel for num_threads(CHOLMOD_OMP_NUM_THREADS)   \
    schedule (static) if ( pend - psx > 1024 )

            for (p = psx ; p < pend ; p++) {
                L_CLEAR (Lx,p);
            }
        }

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* construct the scattered Map for supernode s */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        /* If row i is the kth row in s, then Map [i] = k.  Similarly, if
         * column j is the kth column in s, then  Map [j] = k. */

#pragma omp parallel for num_threads(CHOLMOD_OMP_NUM_THREADS)   \
    if ( nsrow > 128 )

        for (k = 0 ; k < nsrow ; k++)
        {
            PRINT1 (("  "ID" map "ID"\n", Ls [psi+k], k)) ;
            Map [Ls [psi + k]] = k ;
        }

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* when using GPU, reorder supernodes by levels.*/
        /* (all supernodes in a level are independent) */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
        if ( useGPU )
        {
            TEMPLATE2 (CHOLMOD (gpu_reorder_descendants))
                ( Common, Super, &s, Lpi, Lpos, Head, Next, Previous,
                  &ndescendants, &tail, &mapCreatedOnGpu, gpu_p ) ;
        }
#endif

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* copy matrix into supernode s (lower triangular part only) */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        pk = psx ;

#pragma omp parallel for private ( p, pend, pfend, pf, i, j, imap, q )  \
    num_threads(CHOLMOD_OMP_NUM_THREADS) if ( k2-k1 > 64 )

        for (k = k1 ; k < k2 ; k++)
        {
            if (stype != 0)
            {
                /* copy the kth column of A into the supernode */
                p = Ap [k] ;
                pend = (Apacked) ? (Ap [k+1]) : (p + Anz [k]) ;
                for ( ; p < pend ; p++)
                {
                    /* row i of L is located in row Map [i] of s */
                    i = Ai [p] ;
                    if (i >= k)
                    {
                        /* This test is here simply to avoid a segfault.  If
                         * the test is false, the numeric factorization of A
                         * is undefined.  It does not detect all invalid
                         * entries, only some of them (when debugging is
                         * enabled, and Map is cleared after each step, then
                         * all entries not in the pattern of L are detected). */
                        imap = Map [i] ;
                        if (imap >= 0 && imap < nsrow)
                        {
                            /* Lx [Map [i] + pk] = Ax [p] ; */
                            L_ASSIGN (Lx,(imap+(psx+(k-k1)*nsrow)), Ax,Az,p) ;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                double fjk[2];
                /* copy the kth column of A*F into the supernode */
                pf = Fp [k] ;
                pfend = (Fpacked) ? (Fp [k+1]) : (p + Fnz [k]) ;
                for ( ; pf < pfend ; pf++)
                {
                    j = Fi [pf] ;

                    /* fjk = Fx [pf] ; */
                    L_ASSIGN (fjk,0, Fx,Fz,pf) ;

                    p = Ap [j] ;
                    pend = (Apacked) ? (Ap [j+1]) : (p + Anz [j]) ;
                    for ( ; p < pend ; p++)
                    {
                        i = Ai [p] ;
                        if (i >= k)
                        {
                            /* See the discussion of imap above. */
                            imap = Map [i] ;
                            if (imap >= 0 && imap < nsrow)
                            {
                                /* Lx [Map [i] + pk] += Ax [p] * fjk ; */
                                L_MULTADD (Lx,(imap+(psx+(k-k1)*nsrow)),
                                           Ax,Az,p, fjk) ;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        /* add beta to the diagonal of the supernode, if nonzero */
        if (beta [0] != 0.0)
        {
            /* note that only the real part of beta is used */
            pk = psx ;
            for (k = k1 ; k < k2 ; k++)
            {
                /* Lx [pk] += beta [0] ; */
                L_ASSEMBLE (Lx,pk, beta) ;
                pk += nsrow + 1 ;       /* advance to the next diagonal entry */
            }
        }

        PRINT1 (("Supernode with just A: repeat: "ID"\n", repeat_supernode)) ;
        DEBUG (CHOLMOD(dump_super) (s, Super, Lpi, Ls, Lpx, Lx, L_ENTRY,
                                    Common)) ;
        PRINT1 (("\n\n")) ;

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* save/restore the list of supernodes */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        if (!repeat_supernode)
        {
            /* Save the list of pending descendants in case s is not positive
             * definite.  Also save Lpos for each descendant d, so that we can
             * find which part of d is used to update s. */
            for (d = Head [s] ; d != EMPTY ; d = Next [d])
            {
                Lpos_save [d] = Lpos [d] ;
                Next_save [d] = Next [d] ;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            for (d = Head [s] ; d != EMPTY ; d = Next [d])
            {
                Lpos [d] = Lpos_save [d] ;
                Next [d] = Next_save [d] ;
            }
        }

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* update supernode s with each pending descendant d */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

#ifndef NDEBUG
        for (d = Head [s] ; d != EMPTY ; d = Next [d])
        {
            PRINT1 (("\nWill update "ID" with Child: "ID"\n", s, d)) ;
            DEBUG (CHOLMOD(dump_super) (d, Super, Lpi, Ls, Lpx, Lx, L_ENTRY,
                                        Common)) ;
        }
        PRINT1 (("\nNow factorizing supernode "ID":\n", s)) ;
#endif

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
        /* initialize the buffer counter */
        if ( useGPU ) {
            Common->ibuffer = 0;
            supernodeUsedGPU = 0;
            idescendant = 0;
            d = Head[s];
            dnext = d;
            dlarge = Next[d];
            dsmall = tail;
            GPUavailable = 1;
            skips = 0;
        }
        else
        {
            dnext = Head[s];
        }
#else
        /* GPU module not installed */
        dnext = Head[s];
#endif

        while

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
            ( (!useGPU && (dnext != EMPTY))
               || (useGPU && (idescendant < ndescendants)))
#else

            ( dnext != EMPTY )
#endif
        {

#ifdef GPU_BLAS

            if ( useGPU ) {

                /* Conditionally select the next descendant supernode to
                 *  assemble.
                 *   + first, select the largest descendant
                 *   + subsequently, if gpu host buffers are available, select
                 *     the largest remaining descendant for assembly on the GPU
                 *   + otherwise select the smallest remaining descendant for
                 *     assembly on the CPU
                 *
                 * The objective is to keep the GPU busy assembling the largest
                 * descendants, and simultaneously keep the CPU busy assembling
                 * the smallest descendants.
                 *
                 * As this is called for every descendent supernode, moving
                 * this code to t_cholmod_gpu incurs substantial overhead -
                 * ~20 GF/s on audikw_1 - so it is being left here.
                 */

                iHostBuff =
                    (Common->ibuffer) % CHOLMOD_HOST_SUPERNODE_BUFFERS;
                cudaError_t cuErr;

                if ( idescendant > 0 )  {
                    if ( GPUavailable == -1 || skips > 0) {
                        d = dsmall;
                        dsmall = Previous[dsmall];
                        skips--;
                    }
                    else {
                        cuErr = cudaEventQuery
                            ( Common->updateCBuffersFree[iHostBuff] );
                        if ( cuErr == cudaSuccess ) {
                            /* buffers are available, so assemble a large
                             * descendant (anticipating that this will be
                             * assembled on the GPU) */
                            d = dlarge;
                            dlarge = Next[dlarge];
                            GPUavailable = 1;
                            skips = 0;
                        }
                        else {
                            /* buffers are not available, so the GPU is busy,
                             * so assemble a small descendant (anticipating
                             * that it will be assembled on the host) */
                            d = dsmall;
                            dsmall = Previous[dsmall];
                            GPUavailable = 0;

                            /* if the GPUs are busy, then do this many
                             * supernodes on the CPU before querying GPUs
                             * again. */
                            skips = CHOLMOD_GPU_SKIP;
                        }
                    }
                }

                idescendant++;

            }
            else
            {
                d = dnext;
            }
#else
            /* GPU module not installed at compile time */
            d = dnext ;
#endif
            /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */
            /* get the size of supernode d */
            /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */

            kd1 = Super [d] ;       /* d contains cols kd1 to kd2-1 of L */
            kd2 = Super [d+1] ;
            ndcol = kd2 - kd1 ;     /* # of columns in all of d */
            pdi = Lpi [d] ;         /* pointer to first row of d in Ls */
            pdx = Lpx [d] ;         /* pointer to first row of d in Lx */
            pdend = Lpi [d+1] ;     /* pointer just past last row of d in Ls */
            ndrow = pdend - pdi ;   /* # rows in all of d */

            PRINT1 (("Child: ")) ;
            DEBUG (CHOLMOD(dump_super) (d, Super, Lpi, Ls, Lpx, Lx, L_ENTRY,
                                        Common)) ;

            /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */
            /* find the range of rows of d that affect rows k1 to k2-1 of s */
            /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */

            p = Lpos [d] ;          /* offset of 1st row of d affecting s */
            pdi1 = pdi + p ;        /* ptr to 1st row of d affecting s in Ls */
            pdx1 = pdx + p ;        /* ptr to 1st row of d affecting s in Lx */

            /* there must be at least one row remaining in d to update s */
            ASSERT (pdi1 < pdend) ;
            PRINT1 (("Lpos[d] "ID" pdi1 "ID" Ls[pdi1] "ID"\n",
                     Lpos[d], pdi1, Ls [pdi1])) ;
            ASSERT (Ls [pdi1] >= k1 && Ls [pdi1] < k2) ;

            for (pdi2 = pdi1 ; pdi2 < pdend && Ls [pdi2] < k2 ; pdi2++) ;
            ndrow1 = pdi2 - pdi1 ;      /* # rows in first part of d */
            ndrow2 = pdend - pdi1 ;     /* # rows in remaining d */

            /* rows Ls [pdi1 ... pdi2-1] are in the range k1 to k2-1.  Since d
             * affects s, this set cannot be empty. */
            ASSERT (pdi1 < pdi2 && pdi2 <= pdend) ;
            PRINT1 (("ndrow1 "ID" ndrow2 "ID"\n", ndrow1, ndrow2)) ;
            DEBUG (for (p = pdi1 ; p < pdi2 ; p++)
                       PRINT1 (("Ls["ID"] "ID"\n", p, Ls[p]))) ;

            /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */
            /* construct the update matrix C for this supernode d */
            /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */

            /* C = L (k1:n-1, kd1:kd2-1) * L (k1:k2-1, kd1:kd2-1)', except
             * that k1:n-1 refers to all of the rows in L, but many of the
             * rows are all zero.  Supernode d holds columns kd1 to kd2-1 of L.
             * Nonzero rows in the range k1:k2-1 are in the list
             * Ls [pdi1 ... pdi2-1], of size ndrow1.  Nonzero rows in the range
             * k2:n-1 are in the list Ls [pdi2 ... pdend], of size ndrow2.  Let
             * L1 = L (Ls [pdi1 ... pdi2-1], kd1:kd2-1), and let
             * L2 = L (Ls [pdi2 ... pdend],  kd1:kd2-1).  C is ndrow2-by-ndrow1.
             * Let C1 be the first ndrow1 rows of C and let C2 be the last
             * ndrow2-ndrow1 rows of C.  Only the lower triangular part of C1
             * needs to be computed since C1 is symmetric.
             */

            /* maxcsize is the largest size of C for all pairs (d,s) */
            ASSERT (ndrow2 * ndrow1 <= ((Int) L->maxcsize)) ;

            /* compute leading ndrow1-by-ndrow1 lower triangular block of C,
             * C1 = L1*L1' */

            ndrow3 = ndrow2 - ndrow1 ;  /* number of rows of C2 */
            ASSERT (ndrow3 >= 0) ;


#ifdef GPU_BLAS
            if ( useGPU ) {
                /* set up GPU to assemble new supernode */
                if ( GPUavailable == 1) {
                    if ( ndrow2 * L_ENTRY >= CHOLMOD_ND_ROW_LIMIT &&
                         ndcol * L_ENTRY >= CHOLMOD_ND_COL_LIMIT ) {
                        if ( ! mapCreatedOnGpu ) {
                            TEMPLATE2 ( CHOLMOD (gpu_initialize_supernode))
                                ( Common, nscol, nsrow, psi, gpu_p );
                            mapCreatedOnGpu = 1;
                        }
                    }
                    else {
                        /* we've reached the limit of GPU-eligible descendants
                         * flag to stop stop performing cudaEventQueries */
                        GPUavailable = -1;
                    }
                }
            }
#endif

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
            if ( !useGPU
                || GPUavailable!=1
                || !TEMPLATE2 (CHOLMOD (gpu_updateC)) (ndrow1, ndrow2, ndrow,
                        ndcol, nsrow, pdx1, pdi1, Lx, C, Common, gpu_p))
#endif
            {
                /* GPU not installed, or not used */
#ifndef NTIMER

                Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_SYRK_CALLS++ ;
                tstart = SuiteSparse_time () ;
#endif
#ifdef REAL
                BLAS_dsyrk ("L", "N",
                    ndrow1, ndcol,              /* N, K: L1 is ndrow1-by-ndcol*/
                    one,                        /* ALPHA:  1 */
                    Lx + L_ENTRY*pdx1, ndrow,   /* A, LDA: L1, ndrow */
                    zero,                       /* BETA:   0 */
                    C, ndrow2) ;                /* C, LDC: C1 */
#else
                BLAS_zherk ("L", "N",
                    ndrow1, ndcol,              /* N, K: L1 is ndrow1-by-ndcol*/
                    one,                        /* ALPHA:  1 */
                    Lx + L_ENTRY*pdx1, ndrow,   /* A, LDA: L1, ndrow */
                    zero,                       /* BETA:   0 */
                    C, ndrow2) ;                /* C, LDC: C1 */
#endif
#ifndef NTIMER
                Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_SYRK_TIME += SuiteSparse_time () - tstart ;
#endif
                /* compute remaining (ndrow2-ndrow1)-by-ndrow1 block of C,
                 * C2 = L2*L1' */
                if (ndrow3 > 0)
                {
#ifndef NTIMER
                    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_GEMM_CALLS++ ;
                    tstart = SuiteSparse_time () ;
#endif
#ifdef REAL
                    BLAS_dgemm ("N", "C",
                        ndrow3, ndrow1, ndcol,          /* M, N, K */
                        one,                            /* ALPHA:  1 */
                        Lx + L_ENTRY*(pdx1 + ndrow1),   /* A, LDA: L2 */
                        ndrow,                          /* ndrow */
                        Lx + L_ENTRY*pdx1,              /* B, LDB: L1 */
                        ndrow,                          /* ndrow */
                        zero,                           /* BETA:   0 */
                        C + L_ENTRY*ndrow1,             /* C, LDC: C2 */
                        ndrow2) ;
#else
                    BLAS_zgemm ("N", "C",
                        ndrow3, ndrow1, ndcol,          /* M, N, K */
                        one,                            /* ALPHA:  1 */
                        Lx + L_ENTRY*(pdx1 + ndrow1),   /* A, LDA: L2 */
                        ndrow,                          /* ndrow */
                        Lx + L_ENTRY*pdx1,              /* B, LDB: L1, ndrow */
                        ndrow,
                        zero,                           /* BETA:   0 */
                        C + L_ENTRY*ndrow1,             /* C, LDC: C2 */
                        ndrow2) ;
#endif
#ifndef NTIMER
                    Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_GEMM_TIME +=
                        SuiteSparse_time () - tstart ;
#endif
                }

                /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */
                /* construct relative map to assemble d into s */
                /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */

                DEBUG (CHOLMOD(dump_real) ("C", C, ndrow2, ndrow1, TRUE,
                                           L_ENTRY, Common)) ;

#pragma omp parallel for num_threads(CHOLMOD_OMP_NUM_THREADS)   \
    if ( ndrow2 > 64 )

                for (i = 0 ; i < ndrow2 ; i++)
                {
                    RelativeMap [i] = Map [Ls [pdi1 + i]] ;
                    ASSERT (RelativeMap [i] >= 0 && RelativeMap [i] < nsrow) ;
                }

                /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */
                /* assemble C into supernode s using the relative map */
                /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */

#pragma omp parallel for private ( j, i, px, q )                \
    num_threads(CHOLMOD_OMP_NUM_THREADS) if (ndrow1 > 64 )

                for (j = 0 ; j < ndrow1 ; j++)              /* cols k1:k2-1 */
                {
                    ASSERT (RelativeMap [j] == Map [Ls [pdi1 + j]]) ;
                    ASSERT (RelativeMap [j] >= 0 && RelativeMap [j] < nscol) ;
                    px = psx + RelativeMap [j] * nsrow ;
                    for (i = j ; i < ndrow2 ; i++)          /* rows k1:n-1 */
                    {
                        ASSERT (RelativeMap [i] == Map [Ls [pdi1 + i]]) ;
                        ASSERT (RelativeMap [i] >= j && RelativeMap[i] < nsrow);
                        /* Lx [px + RelativeMap [i]] -= C [i + pj] ; */
                        q = px + RelativeMap [i] ;
                        L_ASSEMBLESUB (Lx,q, C, i+ndrow2*j) ;
                    }
                }

            }
#ifdef GPU_BLAS
            else
            {
                supernodeUsedGPU = 1;   /* GPU was used for this supernode*/
                Common->ibuffer++;      /* gpu_updateC is asynchronous, so use
                                         * the next host buffer for the next
                                         * supernode */
                Common->ibuffer = Common->ibuffer%
                    (CHOLMOD_HOST_SUPERNODE_BUFFERS*CHOLMOD_DEVICE_STREAMS);
            }
#endif

            /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */
            /* prepare this supernode d for its next ancestor */
            /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */

            dnext = Next [d] ;

            if (!repeat_supernode)
            {
                /* If node s is being repeated, Head [dancestor] has already
                 * been cleared (set to EMPTY).  It must remain EMPTY.  The
                 * dancestor will not be factorized since the factorization
                 * terminates at node s. */
                Lpos [d] = pdi2 - pdi ;
                if (Lpos [d] < ndrow)
                {
                    dancestor = SuperMap [Ls [pdi2]] ;
                    ASSERT (dancestor > s && dancestor < nsuper) ;
                    /* place d in the link list of its next ancestor */
                    Next [d] = Head [dancestor] ;
                    Head [dancestor] = d ;
                }
            }

        }  /* end of descendant supernode loop */

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
        if ( useGPU ) {
            iHostBuff = (Common->ibuffer)%CHOLMOD_HOST_SUPERNODE_BUFFERS;
            iDevBuff = (Common->ibuffer)%CHOLMOD_DEVICE_STREAMS;

            /* combine updates assembled on the GPU with updates
             * assembled on the CPU */
            TEMPLATE2 ( CHOLMOD (gpu_final_assembly ))
                ( Common, Lx, psx, nscol, nsrow, supernodeUsedGPU,
                  &iHostBuff, &iDevBuff, gpu_p );
        }
#endif

        PRINT1 (("\nSupernode with contributions A: repeat: "ID"\n",
                 repeat_supernode)) ;
        DEBUG (CHOLMOD(dump_super) (s, Super, Lpi, Ls, Lpx, Lx, L_ENTRY,
                                    Common)) ;
        PRINT1 (("\n\n")) ;

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* factorize diagonal block of supernode s in LL' */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        /* The current supernode s is ready to factorize.  It has been updated
         * by all descendant supernodes.  Let S = the current supernode, which
         * holds rows k1:n-1 and columns k1:k2-1 of the updated matrix.   It
         * splits into two parts:  the square diagonal block S1, and the
         * rectangular part S2.  Here, S1 is factorized into L1*L1' and
         * overwritten by L1.
         *
         * If supernode s is being repeated, only factorize it up to but not
         * including the column containing the problematic entry.
         */

        nscol2 = (repeat_supernode) ? (nscol_new) : (nscol) ;

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
        if ( !useGPU
            || !supernodeUsedGPU
            || !TEMPLATE2 (CHOLMOD (gpu_lower_potrf))(nscol2, nsrow, psx, Lx,
                                                   &info, Common, gpu_p))
#endif
        {
            /* Note that the GPU will not be used for the triangular solve */
#ifdef GPU_BLAS
            supernodeUsedGPU = 0;
#endif
#ifndef NTIMER
            Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_POTRF_CALLS++ ;
            tstart = SuiteSparse_time () ;
#endif
#ifdef REAL
            LAPACK_dpotrf ("L",
                nscol2,                     /* N: nscol2 */
                Lx + L_ENTRY*psx, nsrow,    /* A, LDA: S1, nsrow */
                info) ;                     /* INFO */
#else
            LAPACK_zpotrf ("L",
                nscol2,                     /* N: nscol2 */
                Lx + L_ENTRY*psx, nsrow,    /* A, LDA: S1, nsrow */
                info) ;                     /* INFO */
#endif
#ifndef NTIMER
            Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_POTRF_TIME += SuiteSparse_time ()- tstart ;
#endif
        }

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* check if the matrix is not positive definite */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        if (repeat_supernode)
        {
            /* the leading part has been refactorized; it must have succeeded */
            info = 0 ;

            /* zero out the rest of this supernode */
            p = psx + nsrow * nscol_new ;
            pend = psx + nsrow * nscol ;            /* s is nsrow-by-nscol */
            for ( ; p < pend ; p++)
            {
                /* Lx [p] = 0 ; */
                L_CLEAR (Lx,p) ;
            }
        }

        /* info is set to one in LAPACK_*potrf if blas_ok is FALSE.  It is
         * set to zero in dpotrf/zpotrf if the factorization was successful. */
        if (CHECK_BLAS_INT && !Common->blas_ok)
        {
            ERROR (CHOLMOD_TOO_LARGE, "problem too large for the BLAS") ;
        }

        if (info != 0)
        {
            /* Matrix is not positive definite.  dpotrf/zpotrf do NOT report an
             * error if the diagonal of L has NaN's, only if it has a zero. */
            if (Common->status == CHOLMOD_OK)
            {
                ERROR (CHOLMOD_NOT_POSDEF, "matrix not positive definite") ;
            }

            /* L->minor is the column of L that contains a zero or negative
             * diagonal term. */
            L->minor = k1 + info - 1 ;

            /* clear the link lists of all subsequent supernodes */
            for (ss = s+1 ; ss < nsuper ; ss++)
            {
                Head [ss] = EMPTY ;
            }

            /* zero this supernode, and all remaining supernodes */
            pend = L->xsize ;
            for (p = psx ; p < pend ; p++)
            {
                /* Lx [p] = 0. ; */
                L_CLEAR (Lx,p) ;
            }

            /* If L is indefinite, it still contains useful information.
             * Supernodes 0 to s-1 are valid, similar to MATLAB [R,p]=chol(A),
             * where the 1-based p is identical to the 0-based L->minor.  Since
             * L->minor is in the current supernode s, it and any columns to the
             * left of it in supernode s are also all zero.  This differs from
             * [R,p]=chol(A), which contains nonzero rows 1 to p-1.  Fix this
             * by setting repeat_supernode to TRUE, and repeating supernode s.
             *
             * If Common->quick_return_if_not_posdef is true, then the entire
             * supernode s is not factorized; it is left as all zero.
             */

            if (info == 1 || Common->quick_return_if_not_posdef)
            {
                /* If the first column of supernode s contains a zero or
                 * negative diagonal entry, then it is already properly set to
                 * zero.  Also, info will be 1 if integer overflow occured in
                 * the BLAS. */
                Head [s] = EMPTY ;
#ifdef GPU_BLAS
                if ( useGPU ) {
                    CHOLMOD (gpu_end) (Common) ;
                }
#endif
                return (Common->status >= CHOLMOD_OK) ;
            }
            else
            {
                /* Repeat supernode s, but only factorize it up to but not
                 * including the column containing the problematic diagonal
                 * entry. */
                repeat_supernode = TRUE ;
                s-- ;
                nscol_new = info - 1 ;
                continue ;
            }
        }

        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
        /* compute the subdiagonal block and prepare supernode for its parent */
        /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */

        nsrow2 = nsrow - nscol2 ;
        if (nsrow2 > 0)
        {
            /* The current supernode is columns k1 to k2-1 of L.  Let L1 be the
             * diagonal block (factorized by dpotrf/zpotrf above; rows/cols
             * k1:k2-1), and L2 be rows k2:n-1 and columns k1:k2-1 of L.  The
             * triangular system to solve is L2*L1' = S2, where S2 is
             * overwritten with L2.  More precisely, L2 = S2 / L1' in MATLAB
             * notation.
             */

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
            if ( !useGPU
                || !supernodeUsedGPU
                || !TEMPLATE2 (CHOLMOD(gpu_triangular_solve))
                        (nsrow2, nscol2, nsrow, psx, Lx, Common, gpu_p))
#endif
            {
#ifndef NTIMER
                Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_TRSM_CALLS++ ;
                tstart = SuiteSparse_time () ;
#endif
#ifdef REAL
                BLAS_dtrsm ("R", "L", "C", "N",
                    nsrow2, nscol2,                 /* M, N */
                    one,                            /* ALPHA: 1 */
                    Lx + L_ENTRY*psx, nsrow,        /* A, LDA: L1, nsrow */
                    Lx + L_ENTRY*(psx + nscol2),    /* B, LDB, L2, nsrow */
                    nsrow) ;
#else
                BLAS_ztrsm ("R", "L", "C", "N",
                    nsrow2, nscol2,                 /* M, N */
                    one,                            /* ALPHA: 1 */
                    Lx + L_ENTRY*psx, nsrow,        /* A, LDA: L1, nsrow */
                    Lx + L_ENTRY*(psx + nscol2),    /* B, LDB, L2, nsrow */
                    nsrow) ;
#endif
#ifndef NTIMER
                Common->CHOLMOD_CPU_TRSM_TIME += SuiteSparse_time () - tstart ;
#endif
            }

            if (CHECK_BLAS_INT && !Common->blas_ok)
            {
                ERROR (CHOLMOD_TOO_LARGE, "problem too large for the BLAS") ;
            }

            if (!repeat_supernode)
            {
                /* Lpos [s] is offset of first row of s affecting its parent */
                Lpos [s] = nscol ;
                sparent = SuperMap [Ls [psi + nscol]] ;
                ASSERT (sparent != EMPTY) ;
                ASSERT (Ls [psi + nscol] >= Super [sparent]) ;
                ASSERT (Ls [psi + nscol] <  Super [sparent+1]) ;
                ASSERT (SuperMap [Ls [psi + nscol]] == sparent) ;
                ASSERT (sparent > s && sparent < nsuper) ;
                /* place s in link list of its parent */
                Next [s] = Head [sparent] ;
                Head [sparent] = s ;
            }
        }
        else
        {
#ifdef GPU_BLAS
            TEMPLATE2 ( CHOLMOD (gpu_copy_supernode) )
                ( Common, Lx, psx, nscol, nscol2, nsrow,
                  supernodeUsedGPU, iHostBuff, gpu_p);
#endif
        }

        Head [s] = EMPTY ;  /* link list for supernode s no longer needed */

        /* clear the Map (debugging only, to detect changes in pattern of A) */
        DEBUG (for (k = 0 ; k < nsrow ; k++) Map [Ls [psi + k]] = EMPTY) ;
        DEBUG (CHOLMOD(dump_super) (s, Super, Lpi, Ls, Lpx, Lx, L_ENTRY,
                                    Common)) ;

        if (repeat_supernode)
        {
            /* matrix is not positive definite; finished clean-up for supernode
             * containing negative diagonal */

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
            if ( useGPU )
            {
                CHOLMOD (gpu_end) (Common) ;
            }
#endif
            return (Common->status >= CHOLMOD_OK) ;
        }
    }

    /* success; matrix is positive definite */
    L->minor = n ;

#ifdef GPU_BLAS
    if ( useGPU )
    {
        CHOLMOD (gpu_end) (Common) ;
    }
#endif

    return (Common->status >= CHOLMOD_OK) ;

}

#undef PATTERN
#undef REAL
#undef COMPLEX
#undef ZOMPLEX
