PRIMECOUNT(1)

NAME
primecount - count prime numbers

SYNOPSIS

primecount x [options]

DESCRIPTION

Count the number of primes less than or equal to x (<= 10^31) using fast implementations of the combinatorial prime counting function algorithms. By default primecount counts primes using Xavier Gourdon’s algorithm which has a runtime complexity of O(x^(2/3) / log^2 x) operations and uses O(x^(2/3) * log^3 x) memory. primecount is multi-threaded, it uses all available CPU cores by default.

OPTIONS

-d, --deleglise-rivat
    Count primes using the Deleglise-Rivat algorithm.

-g, --gourdon
    Count primes using Xavier Gourdon’s algorithm (default algorithm).

-l, --legendre
    Count primes using Legendre’s formula.

--lehmer
    Count primes using Lehmer’s formula.

--lmo
    Count primes using the Lagarias-Miller-Odlyzko algorithm.

-m, --meissel
    Count primes using Meissel’s formula.

--Li
    Approximate pi(x) using the Eulerian logarithmic integral: Li(x), with Li(x) = li(x) - li(2).

--Li-inverse
    Approximate the nth prime using the inverse Eulerian logarithmic integral: Li^-1(x).

-n, --nth-prime
    Calculate the nth prime.

-p, --primesieve
    Count primes using the sieve of Eratosthenes.

--phi X A
    phi(x, a) counts the numbers <= x that are not divisible by any of the first a primes.

-R, --RiemannR
    Approximate pi(x) using the Riemann R function: R(x).

--RiemannR-inverse
    Approximate the nth prime using the inverse Riemann R function: R^-1(x).

-s, --status[=NUM]
    Show the computation progress e.g. 1%, 2%, 3%, ... Show NUM digits after the decimal point: --status=1 prints 99.9%.

--test
    Run various correctness tests and exit.

--time
    Print the time elapsed in seconds.

-t, --threads=NUM
    Set the number of threads, 1 <= NUM <= CPU cores. By default primecount uses all available CPU cores.

-v, --version
    Print version and license information.

-h, --help
    Print this help menu.

ADVANCED OPTIONS FOR THE DELEGLISE-RIVAT ALGORITHM

--P2
    Compute the 2nd partial sieve function.

--S1
    Compute the ordinary leaves.

--S2-trivial
    Compute the trivial special leaves.

--S2-easy
    Compute the easy special leaves.

--S2-hard
    Compute the hard special leaves.

  Tuning factor

The alpha tuning factor mainly balances the computation of the S2_easy and S2_hard formulas. By increasing alpha the runtime of the S2_hard formula will usually decrease but the runtime of the S2_easy formula will increase. For large pi(x) computations with x >= 10^25 you can usually achieve a significant speedup by increasing alpha.

The alpha tuning factor is also very useful for verifying pi(x) computations. You compute pi(x) twice but for the second computation you use a slightly different alpha factor. If the results of both pi(x) computations match then pi(x) has been verified successfully.

-a, --alpha=NUM
    Set the alpha tuning factor: y = x^(1/3) * alpha, 1 <= alpha <= x^(1/6).

ADVANCED OPTIONS FOR XAVIER GOURDON’S ALGORITHM

--AC
    Compute the A + C formulas.

--B
    Compute the B formula.

--D
    Compute the D formula.

--Phi0
    Compute the Phi0 formula.

--Sigma
    Compute the 7 Sigma formulas.

  Tuning factors

The alpha_y and alpha_z tuning factors mainly balance the computation of the A, B, C and D formulas. When alpha_y is decreased but alpha_z is increased then the runtime of the B formula will increase but the runtime of the A, C and D formulas will decrease. For large pi(x) computations with x >= 10^25 you can usually achieve a significant speedup by decreasing alpha_y and increasing alpha_z. For convenience when you increase alpha_z using --alpha-z=NUM then alpha_y is automatically decreased.

Both the alpha_y and alpha_z tuning factors are also very useful for verifying pi(x) computations. You compute pi(x) twice but for the second computation you use a slightly different alpha_y or alpha_z factor. If the results of both pi(x) computations match then pi(x) has been verified successfully.

--alpha-y=NUM
    Set the alpha_y tuning factor: y = x^(1/3) * alpha_y, 1 <= alpha_y <= x^(1/6).

--alpha-z=NUM
    Set the alpha_z tuning factor: z = y * alpha_z, 1 <= alpha_z <= x^(1/6).

EXAMPLES

primecount 1000
    Count the primes <= 1000.

primecount 1e17 --status
    Count the primes <= 10^17 and print status information.

primecount 1e15 --threads 1 --time
    Count the primes <= 10^15 using a single thread and print the time elapsed.

HOMEPAGE

https://github.com/kimwalisch/primecount

AUTHOR

Kim Walisch <kim.walisch@gmail.com>