.TH 64tass 1 "May 10 2025" "64tass 1.60" "64tass 1.60"
\" $Id: 64tass.1 3243 2025-05-10 05:17:11Z soci $
.SH NAME
64tass \- A multi pass optimizing macro assembler for the 65xx series of processors
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B 64tass
[\fIOPTION\fR]... [\fISOURCES\fR]...
.SH DESCRIPTION
.LP
64tass is cross assembler targeting the 65xx series of micro processors. This manual is
only describing the command line options. The many features are described in the HTML manual.
.SH OPTIONS
.sp 1
.SS Output options
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-o\fR \fIfilename\fR, \fB\-\-output\fR \fIfilename\fR
Place output into \fIfilename\fR. The default output filename is \(aqa.out\(aq,
this option changes it. May be used multiple times. The format is remembered
but section and memory map file reverts to global after each file.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-output\-append\fR \fIfilename\fR
Append to output file instead of overwriting it.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-no\-output\fR
Same as output but no file will be written.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-map\fR \fIfilename\fR
Place memory map into \fIfilename\fR instead of displaying it.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-map\-append\fR \fIfilename\fR
Append memory map to a file instead of displaying it.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-no\-map\fR
The memory map won't be displayed or recorded.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-output\-section\fR \fIsectionname\fR
Output this section instead of everything
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-output\-exec\fR \fIexpression\fR
Sets execution address for output formats which support this.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-X\fR, \fB\-\-long\-address\fR
Use 3 byte address/length for CBM and nonlinear output instead of 2
bytes. Also increases the size of raw output to 16 MiB.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-cbm\-prg\fR
Generate CBM format binaries (default).
The first 2 bytes are the little endian address of the first valid byte
(start address). Overlapping blocks are flattened and uninitialized memory
is filled up with zeros. Uninitialized memory before the first and after
the last valid bytes are not saved. Up to 64 KiB or 16 MiB with long
address.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-nostart\fR
Output raw data only without start address.
Overlapping blocks are flattened and uninitialized memory is filled up
with zeros. Uninitialized memory before the first and after the last
valid bytes are not saved. Up to 64 KiB or 16 MiB with long address.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-flat\fR
Flat address space output mode.
Overlapping blocks are flattened and uninitialized memory is filled up
with zeros. Uninitialized memory after the last valid byte is not saved.
Up to 4 GiB.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-nonlinear\fR
Generate nonlinear output file.
Overlapping blocks are flattened. Blocks are saved in sorted order and
uninitialized memory is skipped. Up to 64 KiB or 16 MiB with long
address.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-atari\-xex\fR
Generate a Atari XEX output file.
Overlapping blocks are kept, continuing blocks are concatenated. Saving
happens in the definition order without sorting, and uninitialized memory
is skipped in the output. Up to 64 KiB.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-apple\-ii\fR
Generate a Apple II output file (DOS 3.3).
Overlapping blocks are flattened and uninitialized memory is filled up
with zeros. Uninitialized memory before the first and after the last
valid bytes are not saved. Up to 64 KiB.
\fB\-\-c256\-pgx\fR
Generate a C256 Foenix PGX output file.
Overlapping blocks are flattened and uninitialized memory is filled up
with zeros. Uninitialized memory before the first and after the last
valid bytes are not saved. Up to 16 MiB.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-c256\-pgz\fR
Generate a C256 Foenix PGZ output file.
Overlapping blocks are flattened. Blocks are saved in sorted order and
uninitialized memory is skipped. Up to 16 MiB.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-cody\-bin\fR
Generate a Cody binary output file.
Overlapping blocks are flattened and uninitialized memory is filled up
with zeros. Uninitialized memory before the first and after the last
valid bytes are not saved. Up to 64 KiB.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-wdc\-bin\fR
Generate WDC binary output file. Also known as zardoz binary.
Overlapping blocks are flattened. Blocks are saved in sorted order and
uninitialized memory is skipped. Up to 16 MiB.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-intel\-hex\fR
Use Intel HEX output file format.
Overlapping blocks are kept, data is stored in the definition order, and
uninitialized areas are skipped. I8HEX up to 64 KiB, I32HEX up to 4 GiB.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-s\-record\fR
Use Motorola S-record output file format.
Overlapping blocks are kept, data is stored in the definition order, and
uninitialized memory areas are skipped. S19 up to 64 KiB, S28 up to 16
MiB and S37 up to 4 GiB.
.SS Operation options
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-ascii\fR
Use ASCII/Unicode text encoding instead of raw 8-bit.
Normally no conversion takes place, this is for backwards compatibility with a
DOS based Turbo Assembler editor, which could create PETSCII files for
6502tass. (including control characters of course)
Using this option will change the default \(aqnone\(aq and \(aqscreen\(aq encodings to map
\(aqa\(aq\-\(aqz\(aq and \(aqA\(aq\-\(aqZ\(aq into the correct PETSCII range of $41\-$5A and $C1\-$DA,
which is more suitable for an ASCII editor. It also adds predefined petcat
style PETSCII literals to the default encodings, and enables Unicode letters in symbol names.
For writing sources in UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings this option is required!
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-B\fR, \fB\-\-long\-branch\fR
Automatic BXX *+5 JMP xxx. Branch too long messages can be annoying sometimes,
usually they'll need to be rewritten to BXX *+5 JMP xxx. 64tass can do this
automatically if this option is used. But BRA is not converted.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-case\-sensitive\fR
Make all symbols (variables, opcodes, directives, operators, etc.) case
sensitive. Otherwise everything is case insensitive by default.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-D\fR \fIlabel\fR=\fIvalue\fR
Defines a \fIlabel\fR to a \fIvalue\fR. Same syntax is
allowed as in source files. Be careful with string quoting, the shell
might eat some of the characters.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR
Suppress messages. Disables header and summary messages.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-tasm\-compatible\fR
Enable TASM compatible operators and precedence
Switches the expression evaluator into compatibility mode. This enables
\(aq.\(aq, \(aq:\(aq and \(aq!\(aq operators and disables 64tass specific extensions,
disables precedence handling and forces 16 bit unsigned evaluation (see
\(aqdifferences to original Turbo Assembler\(aq below)
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-I\fR \fIpath\fR
Specify include search \fIpath\fR.
If an included source or binary file can't be found in the directory of
the source file then this path is tried. More than one directories can be
specified by repeating this option. If multiple matches exist the first
one is used.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-M\fR \fIfile\fR, \fB\-\-dependencies\fR \fIfile\fR
Specify make rule output \fIfile\fR.
Writes a dependency rule suitable for \(aqmake\(aq from the list of files
used during compilation.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-dependencies\-append\fR \fIfile\fR
Append to dependencies file instead of overwriting it.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-make\-phony\fR
Enable phony target generation for dependencies.
.SS Diagnostic options
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-E\fR \fIfile\fR, \fB\-\-error\fR \fIfile\fR
Specify error output \fIfile\fR.
Normally compilation errors a written to the standard error output. It's
possible to redirect them to a file or to the standard output by using \(aq-\(aq
as the file name.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-error\-append\fR \fIfile\fR
Append to error file instead of overwriting it.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-no\-error\fR
Do not output any errors, just count them.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-no\-warn\fR
Suppress warnings. Disables warnings during compile. Finer grained warning control is available by using the -W options.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-no\-caret\-diag\fR
Suppress displaying of faulty source line and fault position after fault
messages.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-macro\-caret\-diag\fR
Restrict source line and fault position display to macro expansions only.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wall\fR
Enable most diagnostic warnings, except those individually disabled. Or with the \(aqno-\(aq prefix disable all except those enabled.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Werror\fR
Make all diagnostic warnings to an error, except those individually set to a warning. 
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Werror\fR=\fI<name>\fR
Change a diagnostic warning to an error.
For example \(aq-Werror=implied-reg\(aq makes this check an error. The \(aq-Wno-error=\(aq variant is useful with \(aq-Werror\(aq to set some to warnings.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Walias\fR
Warns about alias opcodes.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Walign\fR
Warns whenever padding bytes were added for an alignment.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Waltmode\fR
Warn about alternative address modes.
Sometimes alternative addressing modes are used as the fitting one is not
available. For example there's no lda direct page y so instead data bank y is
used with a warning.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wbranch\-page\fR
Warns if a branch is crossing a page.
Page crossing branches execute with a penalty cycle. This option helps to
locate them.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wcase\-symbol\fR
Warn if symbol letter case is used inconsistently.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wimmediate\fR
Warns for cases where immediate addressing is more likely.
\fB\-Wimplied\-reg\fR
Warns if implied addressing is used instead of register.
Some instructions have implied aliases like \(aqasl\(aq for \(aqasl a\(aq for
compatibility reasons, but this shorthand not the preferred form.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wleading\-zeros\fR
Warns if about leading zeros.
A leading zero could be a prefix for an octal number but as octals
are not supported so the result will be decimal.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wlong\-branch\fR
Warns when a long branch is used.
This option gives a warning for instructions which were modified by the long branch function.
Less intrusive than disabling long branches and see where it fails.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wmacro\-prefix\fR
Warn about macro call without prefix.
Such macro calls can easily be mistaken to be labels if invoked without parameters.
Also it's hard to notice that an unchanged call turned into label after the
definition got renamed. This warning helps to find such calls so that prefixes
can be added.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-deprecated\fR
Don't warn about deprecated features.
Unfortunately there were some features added previously which shouldn't
have been included. This option disables warnings about their uses.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-float\-compare\fR
Don't warn if floating point comparisons are only approximate.
Floating point numbers have a finite precision and comparing them might
give unexpected results.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-float\-round\fR
Don't warn when floating point numbers are implicitly rounded.
A lot of parameters are expecting integers but floating point numbers are
accepted as well. The style of rounding used may or may not be what you wanted.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-ignored\fR
Don't warn about ignored directives.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-jmp\-bug\fR
Don't warn about the jmp ($xxff) bug.
It's fine that the high byte is read from the \(aqwrong\(aq address on 6502,
NMOS 6502 and 65DTV02.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-label\-left\fR
Don't warn about certain labels not being on left side.
You may disable this if you use labels which look like mistyped versions of
implied addressing mode instructions and you don't want to put them in the
first column.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-page\fR
Don't do an error for page crossing.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-pitfalls\fR
Don't note on common pitfalls.
Experts don't need notes about how to fix things ;)
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-portable\fR
Don't warn about source portability problems.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-size\-larger\fR
Don't warn if size is larger due to negative offset
Negative offsets add space in front of memory area that's out of bound. Sometimes this may be fine.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-priority\fR
Don't warn about operator priority problems.
Not all of the unary operators are strongly binding and this may cause surprises.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-star\-assign\fR
Don't warn about ignored compound multiply.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-wrap\-addr\fR
Don't warn about address space calculation wrap around.
If a memory location ends up outside of the processors address space then just wrap it around.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-wrap\-bank0\fR
Don't warn for bank 0 address calculation wrap around.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-wrap\-dpage\fR
Don't warn for direct page address calculation wrap around.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-wrap\-mem\fR
Don't warn for compile offset wrap around.
Continue from the beginning of image file once it's end was reached.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-wrap\-pbank\fR
Don't warn for program bank address calculation wrap around.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wno\-wrap\-pc\fR
Don't warn for program counter bank crossing.
If it's data only and the programmer deals with it then this might be ok.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wold\-equal\fR
Warn about old equal operator.
The single \(aq=\(aq operator is only there for compatibility reasons and should
be written as \(aq==\(aq normally.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Woptimize\fR
Warn about optimizable code.
Warns on things that could be optimized, at least according to the limited
analysis done.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wshadow\fR
Warn about symbol shadowing.
Checks if local variables \(aqshadow\(aq other variables of same name in upper
scopes in ambiguous ways.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wstrict\-bool\fR
Warn about implicit boolean conversions.
Boolean values can be interpreted as numeric 0/1 and other types as booleans. This is convenient but may cause mistakes.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wunused\fR
Warn about unused constant symbols, any type.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wunused\-const\fR
Warn about unused constants.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wunused\-label\fR
Warn about unused labels.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wunused\-macro\fR
Warn about unused macros.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-Wunused\-variable\fR
Warn about unused variables.
.SS Target selection options
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-m65xx\fR
Standard 65xx (default). For writing compatible code, no extra codes.
This is the default.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-m65c02\fR
CMOS 65C02. Enables extra opcodes and addressing modes specific to this CPU.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-m65ce02\fR
CSG 65CE02. Enables extra opcodes and addressing modes specific to this CPU.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-m6502\fR
NMOS 65xx. Enables extra illegal opcodes. Useful for demo coding for C64, disk drive code, etc.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-m65dtv02\fR
65DTV02. Enables extra opcodes specific to DTV.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-m65816\fR
W65C816. Enables extra opcodes. Useful for SuperCPU projects.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-m65el02\fR
65EL02. Enables extra opcodes, useful RedPower CPU projects. Probably you'll need \(aq\-\-nostart\(aq as well.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-mr65c02\fR
R65C02. Enables extra opcodes and addressing modes specific to this CPU.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-mw65c02\fR
W65C02. Enables extra opcodes and addressing modes specific to this CPU.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-m4510\fR
CSG 4510. Enables extra opcodes and addressing modes specific to this CPU. Useful for C65 projects.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-m45gs02\fR
45GS02. Enables extra opcodes and addressing modes specific to this CPU. Useful for MEGA65 projects.
.SS Symbol listing options
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-l\fR \fIfile\fR, \fR\-\-labels\fR=\fIfile\fR
List labels into \fIfile\fR. May be used multiple times. The format is remembered but root reverts to global after each file.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-labels\-append\fR=\fIfile\fR
Append labels to \fIfile\fR instead of overwriting it.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-labels\-root\fR=\fI<expression>\fR
Specify the scope to list labels from.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-labels\-section\fR=\fI<sectionname>\fR
Specify the section to list labels from.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-labels\-add\-prefix\fR=\fI<prefix>\fR
Adds a prefix for some output formats.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-normal\-labels\fR
Lists labels in a 64tass readable format. (default)
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-export\-labels\fR
List labels for include in a 64tass readable format. This will always compile exported .proc/.pend blocks assuming they're needed externally.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-vice\-labels\fR
List labels in a VICE readable format.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-vice\-labels\-numeric\fR
List labels in a VICE readable format, including numeric constants.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-dump\-labels\fR
List labels for debugging.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-simple\-labels\fR
List labels in a simple label = $x fashion for interoperatibility.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-mesen\-labels\fR
List labels in Mesen format.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-ctags\-labels\fR
List labels in ctags format.
.SS Assembly listing options
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-L\fR \fIfile\fR, \fB\-\-list\fR=\fIfile\fR
List into \fIfile\fR. Dumps source code and compiled code into file. Useful for
debugging, it's much easier to identify the code in memory within the
source files.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-list\-append\fR=\fIfile\fR
Append list to \fIfile\fR instead of overwriting it.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-no\-monitor\fR
Don't put monitor code into listing. There won't be any monitor listing
in the list file.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-no\-source\fR
Don't put source code into listing. There won't be any source listing in
the list file.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR
This option creates a new column for showing line numbers for easier
identification of source origin.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-tab\-size\fR=\fInumber\fR
By default the listing file is using a tab size of 8 to align the
disassembly. This can be changed to other more favorable values like 4.
Only spaces are used if 1 is selected. Please note that this has no
effect on the source code on the right hand side.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-verbose\-list\fR
Normally the assembler tries to minimize listing output by omitting
\(aqunimportant\(aq lines. But sometimes it's better to just list everything
including comments and empty lines.
.SS Other options
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-?\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
Give this help list. Prints help about command line options.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-\-usage\fR
Give a short usage message. Prints short help about command line options.
.TP 0.5i
\fB\-V\fR, \fB\-\-version\fR
Print program version.
.SH "EXIT STATUS"
Normally the exit status is 0 if no error occurred.
.SH AUTHOR
Written by Zsolt Kajtar.
.SH "REPORTING BUGS"
Online bug tracker: <https://sourceforge.net/p/tass64/bugs/>
.SH COPYRIGHT
Copyright \(co 2025 Zsolt Kajtar.
License GPLv2+: GNU GPL version 2 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
.br
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
Full documentation at: <http://tass64.sourceforge.net/>
