{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 702
{-# LANGUAGE Safe #-}
#endif
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ >= 710
{-# LANGUAGE AutoDeriveTypeable #-}
#endif
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- |
-- Module      :  Control.Monad.Trans.Reader
-- Copyright   :  (c) Andy Gill 2001,
--                (c) Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, 2001
-- License     :  BSD-style (see the file LICENSE)
--
-- Maintainer  :  R.Paterson@city.ac.uk
-- Stability   :  experimental
-- Portability :  portable
--
-- Declaration of the 'ReaderT' monad transformer, which adds a static
-- environment to a given monad.
--
-- If the computation is to modify the stored information, use
-- "Control.Monad.Trans.State" instead.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

module Control.Monad.Trans.Reader (
    -- * The Reader monad
    Reader,
    reader,
    runReader,
    mapReader,
    withReader,
    -- * The ReaderT monad transformer
    ReaderT(..),
    mapReaderT,
    withReaderT,
    -- * Reader operations
    ask,
    local,
    asks,
    -- * Lifting other operations
    liftCallCC,
    liftCatch,
    ) where

import Control.Monad.IO.Class
import Control.Monad.Signatures
import Control.Monad.Trans.Class
#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,12,0)
import Data.Functor.Contravariant
#endif
import Data.Functor.Identity

import Control.Applicative
import Control.Monad
#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,9,0)
import qualified Control.Monad.Fail as Fail
#endif
import Control.Monad.Fix
#if !(MIN_VERSION_base(4,6,0))
import Control.Monad.Instances ()  -- deprecated from base-4.6
#endif
#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,4,0)
import Control.Monad.Zip (MonadZip(mzipWith))
#endif
#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,2,0)
import Data.Functor(Functor(..))
#endif

-- | The parameterizable reader monad.
--
-- Computations are functions of a shared environment.
--
-- The 'return' function ignores the environment, while @>>=@ passes
-- the inherited environment to both subcomputations.
type Reader r = ReaderT r Identity

-- | Constructor for computations in the reader monad (equivalent to 'asks').
reader :: (Monad m) => (r -> a) -> ReaderT r m a
reader f = ReaderT (return . f)
{-# INLINE reader #-}

-- | Runs a @Reader@ and extracts the final value from it.
-- (The inverse of 'reader'.)
runReader
    :: Reader r a       -- ^ A @Reader@ to run.
    -> r                -- ^ An initial environment.
    -> a
runReader m = runIdentity . runReaderT m
{-# INLINE runReader #-}

-- | Transform the value returned by a @Reader@.
--
-- * @'runReader' ('mapReader' f m) = f . 'runReader' m@
mapReader :: (a -> b) -> Reader r a -> Reader r b
mapReader f = mapReaderT (Identity . f . runIdentity)
{-# INLINE mapReader #-}

-- | Execute a computation in a modified environment
-- (a specialization of 'withReaderT').
--
-- * @'runReader' ('withReader' f m) = 'runReader' m . f@
withReader
    :: (r' -> r)        -- ^ The function to modify the environment.
    -> Reader r a       -- ^ Computation to run in the modified environment.
    -> Reader r' a
withReader = withReaderT
{-# INLINE withReader #-}

-- | The reader monad transformer,
-- which adds a read-only environment to the given monad.
--
-- The 'return' function ignores the environment, while @>>=@ passes
-- the inherited environment to both subcomputations.
newtype ReaderT r m a = ReaderT { runReaderT :: r -> m a }

-- | Transform the computation inside a @ReaderT@.
--
-- * @'runReaderT' ('mapReaderT' f m) = f . 'runReaderT' m@
mapReaderT :: (m a -> n b) -> ReaderT r m a -> ReaderT r n b
mapReaderT f m = ReaderT $ f . runReaderT m
{-# INLINE mapReaderT #-}

-- | Execute a computation in a modified environment
-- (a more general version of 'local').
--
-- * @'runReaderT' ('withReaderT' f m) = 'runReaderT' m . f@
withReaderT
    :: (r' -> r)        -- ^ The function to modify the environment.
    -> ReaderT r m a    -- ^ Computation to run in the modified environment.
    -> ReaderT r' m a
withReaderT f m = ReaderT $ runReaderT m . f
{-# INLINE withReaderT #-}

instance (Functor m) => Functor (ReaderT r m) where
    fmap f  = mapReaderT (fmap f)
    {-# INLINE fmap #-}
#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,2,0)
    x <$ v = mapReaderT (x <$) v
    {-# INLINE (<$) #-}
#endif

instance (Applicative m) => Applicative (ReaderT r m) where
    pure    = liftReaderT . pure
    {-# INLINE pure #-}
    f <*> v = ReaderT $ \ r -> runReaderT f r <*> runReaderT v r
    {-# INLINE (<*>) #-}
#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,2,0)
    u *> v = ReaderT $ \ r -> runReaderT u r *> runReaderT v r
    {-# INLINE (*>) #-}
    u <* v = ReaderT $ \ r -> runReaderT u r <* runReaderT v r
    {-# INLINE (<*) #-}
#endif
#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,10,0)
    liftA2 f x y = ReaderT $ \ r -> liftA2 f (runReaderT x r) (runReaderT y r)
    {-# INLINE liftA2 #-}
#endif

instance (Alternative m) => Alternative (ReaderT r m) where
    empty   = liftReaderT empty
    {-# INLINE empty #-}
    m <|> n = ReaderT $ \ r -> runReaderT m r <|> runReaderT n r
    {-# INLINE (<|>) #-}

instance (Monad m) => Monad (ReaderT r m) where
#if !(MIN_VERSION_base(4,8,0))
    return   = lift . return
    {-# INLINE return #-}
#endif
    m >>= k  = ReaderT $ \ r -> do
        a <- runReaderT m r
        runReaderT (k a) r
    {-# INLINE (>>=) #-}
#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,8,0)
    (>>) = (*>)
#else
    m >> k = ReaderT $ \ r -> runReaderT m r >> runReaderT k r
#endif
    {-# INLINE (>>) #-}
#if !(MIN_VERSION_base(4,13,0))
    fail msg = lift (fail msg)
    {-# INLINE fail #-}
#endif

#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,9,0)
instance (Fail.MonadFail m) => Fail.MonadFail (ReaderT r m) where
    fail msg = lift (Fail.fail msg)
    {-# INLINE fail #-}
#endif

instance (MonadPlus m) => MonadPlus (ReaderT r m) where
    mzero       = lift mzero
    {-# INLINE mzero #-}
    m `mplus` n = ReaderT $ \ r -> runReaderT m r `mplus` runReaderT n r
    {-# INLINE mplus #-}

instance (MonadFix m) => MonadFix (ReaderT r m) where
    mfix f = ReaderT $ \ r -> mfix $ \ a -> runReaderT (f a) r
    {-# INLINE mfix #-}

instance MonadTrans (ReaderT r) where
    lift   = liftReaderT
    {-# INLINE lift #-}

instance (MonadIO m) => MonadIO (ReaderT r m) where
    liftIO = lift . liftIO
    {-# INLINE liftIO #-}

#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,4,0)
instance (MonadZip m) => MonadZip (ReaderT r m) where
    mzipWith f (ReaderT m) (ReaderT n) = ReaderT $ \ a ->
        mzipWith f (m a) (n a)
    {-# INLINE mzipWith #-}
#endif

#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,12,0)
instance Contravariant m => Contravariant (ReaderT r m) where
    contramap f = ReaderT . fmap (contramap f) . runReaderT
    {-# INLINE contramap #-}
#endif

liftReaderT :: m a -> ReaderT r m a
liftReaderT m = ReaderT (const m)
{-# INLINE liftReaderT #-}

-- | Fetch the value of the environment.
ask :: (Monad m) => ReaderT r m r
ask = ReaderT return
{-# INLINE ask #-}

-- | Execute a computation in a modified environment
-- (a specialization of 'withReaderT').
--
-- * @'runReaderT' ('local' f m) = 'runReaderT' m . f@
local
    :: (r -> r)         -- ^ The function to modify the environment.
    -> ReaderT r m a    -- ^ Computation to run in the modified environment.
    -> ReaderT r m a
local = withReaderT
{-# INLINE local #-}

-- | Retrieve a function of the current environment.
--
-- * @'asks' f = 'liftM' f 'ask'@
asks :: (Monad m)
    => (r -> a)         -- ^ The selector function to apply to the environment.
    -> ReaderT r m a
asks f = ReaderT (return . f)
{-# INLINE asks #-}

-- | Lift a @callCC@ operation to the new monad.
liftCallCC :: CallCC m a b -> CallCC (ReaderT r m) a b
liftCallCC callCC f = ReaderT $ \ r ->
    callCC $ \ c ->
    runReaderT (f (ReaderT . const . c)) r
{-# INLINE liftCallCC #-}

-- | Lift a @catchE@ operation to the new monad.
liftCatch :: Catch e m a -> Catch e (ReaderT r m) a
liftCatch f m h =
    ReaderT $ \ r -> f (runReaderT m r) (\ e -> runReaderT (h e) r)
{-# INLINE liftCatch #-}
