// Gmsh - Copyright (C) 1997-2024 C. Geuzaine, J.-F. Remacle
//
// See the LICENSE.txt file in the Gmsh root directory for license information.
// Please report all issues on https://gitlab.onelab.info/gmsh/gmsh/issues.

#include "GModel.h"
#include "GRegion.h"
#include "MLine.h"
#include "MTriangle.h"
#include "MQuadrangle.h"
#include "MTetrahedron.h"
#include "MPyramid.h"
#include "MPrism.h"
#include "MHexahedron.h"
#include "Context.h"
#include "meshGFaceOptimize.h"
#include "qualityMeasures.h"

static double objective_function(double xi, MVertex *ver, double xTarget,
                                 double yTarget, double zTarget,
                                 const std::vector<MElement *> &lt,
                                 bool onlytet = false)
{
  double x = ver->x();
  double y = ver->y();
  double z = ver->z();
  ver->x() = (1. - xi) * ver->x() + xi * xTarget;
  ver->y() = (1. - xi) * ver->y() + xi * yTarget;
  ver->z() = (1. - xi) * ver->z() + xi * zTarget;
  double minQual = 1.0;
  for(std::size_t i = 0; i < lt.size(); i++) {
    if(lt[i]->getNumVertices() == 4) {
      double V;
      double Q = qmTetrahedron::gamma(
        lt[i]->getVertex(0)->x(), lt[i]->getVertex(0)->y(),
        lt[i]->getVertex(0)->z(), lt[i]->getVertex(1)->x(),
        lt[i]->getVertex(1)->y(), lt[i]->getVertex(1)->z(),
        lt[i]->getVertex(2)->x(), lt[i]->getVertex(2)->y(),
        lt[i]->getVertex(2)->z(), lt[i]->getVertex(3)->x(),
        lt[i]->getVertex(3)->y(), lt[i]->getVertex(3)->z(), &V);
      if(V > 0) Q = -Q;
      minQual = std::min(Q, minQual);
    }
    else if(!onlytet) {
      minQual = std::min(std::abs(lt[i]->minSICNShapeMeasure()) * .2, minQual);
    }
  }
  ver->x() = x;
  ver->y() = y;
  ver->z() = z;
  return minQual;
}

static double objective_function(double xi, MVertex *ver, GFace *gf,
                                 SPoint2 &p1, SPoint2 &p2,
                                 const std::vector<MElement *> &lt)
{
  double x = ver->x();
  double y = ver->y();
  double z = ver->z();
  SPoint2 p = p1 * (1. - xi) + p2 * xi;
  GPoint pp = gf->point(p);
  ver->x() = pp.x();
  ver->y() = pp.y();
  ver->z() = pp.z();
  double minQual = 1.0;
  for(std::size_t i = 0; i < lt.size(); i++) {
    if(lt[i]->getNumVertices() == 4)
      minQual = std::min((lt[i]->etaShapeMeasure()), minQual);
    else
      minQual = std::min(std::abs(lt[i]->gammaShapeMeasure()), minQual);
  }
  ver->x() = x;
  ver->y() = y;
  ver->z() = z;
  return minQual;
}

static double objective_function(double const xi, MVertex *const ver,
                                 GFace *const gf, SPoint3 &p1, SPoint3 &p2,
                                 const std::vector<MElement *> &lt)
{
  double const x = ver->x();
  double const y = ver->y();
  double const z = ver->z();
  SPoint3 p = p1 * (1. - xi) + p2 * xi;

  double initialGuess[2] = {0, 0};

  GPoint pp = gf->closestPoint(p, initialGuess);
  ver->x() = pp.x();
  ver->y() = pp.y();
  ver->z() = pp.z();
  double minQual = 1.0;
  for(std::size_t i = 0; i < lt.size(); i++) {
    if(lt[i]->getNumVertices() == 4)
      minQual = std::min(lt[i]->etaShapeMeasure(), minQual);
    else
      minQual = std::min(std::abs(lt[i]->gammaShapeMeasure()), minQual);
  }
  ver->x() = x;
  ver->y() = y;
  ver->z() = z;
  return minQual;
}

static bool Stopping_Rule(double const x0, double const x1, double const tol)
{
  return std::abs(x1 - x0) < tol;
}

static double Maximize_Quality_Golden_Section(MVertex *ver, double xTarget,
                                              double yTarget, double zTarget,
                                              const std::vector<MElement *> &lt,
                                              double const tol, double &q)
{
  const double lambda = 0.5 * (std::sqrt(5.0) - 1.0);
  const double mu = 0.5 * (3.0 - std::sqrt(5.0)); // = 1 - lambda
  double a = 0.0;
  double b = 2.0;

  double x1 = b - lambda * (b - a);
  double x2 = a + lambda * (b - a);
  double fx1 = objective_function(x1, ver, xTarget, yTarget, zTarget, lt);
  double fx2 = objective_function(x2, ver, xTarget, yTarget, zTarget, lt);

  if(tol < 0.0) return fx1 > fx2 ? x1 : x2;

  while(!Stopping_Rule(a, b, tol)) {
    // printf("GOLDEN : %g %g (%12.5E,%12.5E)\n",a,b,fa,fb);
    if(fx1 < fx2) {
      a = x1;
      if(Stopping_Rule(a, b, tol)) break;
      x1 = x2;
      fx1 = fx2;
      x2 = b - mu * (b - a);
      fx2 = objective_function(x2, ver, xTarget, yTarget, zTarget, lt);
    }
    else {
      b = x2;
      if(Stopping_Rule(a, b, tol)) break;
      x2 = x1;
      fx2 = fx1;
      x1 = a + mu * (b - a);
      fx1 = objective_function(x1, ver, xTarget, yTarget, zTarget, lt);
    }
  }
  // printf("finally : %g %g (%12.5E,%12.5E)\n",a,b,fa,fb);
  q = std::min(fx1, fx2);
  return a;
}

static double Maximize_Quality_Golden_Section(MVertex *ver, GFace *gf,
                                              SPoint2 &p1, SPoint2 &p2,
                                              const std::vector<MElement *> &lt,
                                              double tol, double &worst)
{
  const double lambda = 0.5 * (std::sqrt(5.0) - 1.0);
  const double mu = 0.5 * (3.0 - std::sqrt(5.0)); // = 1 - lambda
  double a = 0.0;
  double b = 1.0;

  worst = objective_function(0.0, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);

  if(worst > 0.5) return 0.0;

  double x1 = b - lambda * (b - a);
  double x2 = a + lambda * (b - a);
  double fx1 = objective_function(x1, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);
  double fx2 = objective_function(x2, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);

  if(tol < 0.0) return fx1 > fx2 ? x1 : x2;

  while(!Stopping_Rule(a, b, tol)) {
    // printf("GOLDEN : %g %g (%12.5E,%12.5E)\n",a,b,fa,fb);
    if(fx1 < fx2) {
      a = x1;
      if(Stopping_Rule(a, b, tol)) break;
      x1 = x2;
      fx1 = fx2;
      x2 = b - mu * (b - a);
      fx2 = objective_function(x2, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);
    }
    else {
      b = x2;
      if(Stopping_Rule(a, b, tol)) break;
      x2 = x1;
      fx2 = fx1;
      x1 = a + mu * (b - a);
      fx1 = objective_function(x1, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);
    }
  }
  double final = objective_function(a, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);
  if(final < worst) return 0.0;
  worst = final;
  // printf("finally : %g %g (%12.5E,%12.5E)\n",a,b,fa,fb);
  return a;
}

static double Maximize_Quality_Golden_Section(MVertex *ver, GFace *gf,
                                              SPoint3 &p1, SPoint3 &p2,
                                              const std::vector<MElement *> &lt,
                                              double tol, double &worst)
{
  const double lambda = 0.5 * (std::sqrt(5.0) - 1.0);
  const double mu = 0.5 * (3.0 - std::sqrt(5.0)); // = 1 - lambda
  double a = 0.0;
  double b = 1.0;

  worst = objective_function(0.0, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);

  if(worst > 0.5) return 0.0;

  double x1 = b - lambda * (b - a);
  double x2 = a + lambda * (b - a);
  double fx1 = objective_function(x1, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);
  double fx2 = objective_function(x2, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);

  if(tol < 0.0) return fx1 > fx2 ? x1 : x2;

  while(!Stopping_Rule(a, b, tol)) {
    // printf("GOLDEN : %g %g (%12.5E,%12.5E)\n",a,b,fa,fb);
    if(fx1 < fx2) {
      a = x1;
      if(Stopping_Rule(a, b, tol)) break;
      x1 = x2;
      fx1 = fx2;
      x2 = b - mu * (b - a);
      fx2 = objective_function(x2, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);
    }
    else {
      b = x2;
      if(Stopping_Rule(a, b, tol)) break;
      x2 = x1;
      fx2 = fx1;
      x1 = a + mu * (b - a);
      fx1 = objective_function(x1, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);
    }
  }
  double final = objective_function(a, ver, gf, p1, p2, lt);
  if(final < worst) return 0.0;
  worst = final;
  // printf("finally : %g %g (%12.5E,%12.5E)\n",a,b,fa,fb);
  return a;
}

static void _relocateVertexOfPyramid(MVertex *ver,
                                     const std::vector<MElement *> &lt,
                                     double relax)
{
  if(ver->onWhat()->dim() != 3) return;
  double x = 0.0, y = 0.0, z = 0.0;
  int N = 0;
  MElement *pyramid = nullptr;

  for(std::size_t i = 0; i < lt.size(); i++) {
    double XCG = 0.0, YCG = 0.0, ZCG = 0.0;
    if(lt[i]->getNumVertices() == 5)
      pyramid = lt[i];
    else {
      for(std::size_t j = 0; j < lt[i]->getNumVertices(); j++) {
        XCG += lt[i]->getVertex(j)->x();
        YCG += lt[i]->getVertex(j)->y();
        ZCG += lt[i]->getVertex(j)->z();
      }
      x += XCG;
      y += YCG;
      z += ZCG;
      N += lt[i]->getNumVertices();
    }
  }
  x /= N;
  y /= N;
  z /= N;

  if(pyramid) {
    MFace q = pyramid->getFace(4);
    double A = q.approximateArea();
    SVector3 n = q.normal();
    n.normalize();
    SPoint3 c = q.barycenter();
    SVector3 d(x - c.x(), y - c.y(), z - c.z());
    if(dot(n, d) < 0) n = n * (-1.0);
    double H = .5 * sqrt(fabs(A));
    double XOPT = c.x() + relax * H * n.x();
    double YOPT = c.y() + relax * H * n.y();
    double ZOPT = c.z() + relax * H * n.z();
    double FULL_MOVE_OBJ =
      objective_function(1.0, ver, XOPT, YOPT, ZOPT, lt, true);
    if(FULL_MOVE_OBJ > 1e-6) {
      ver->x() = XOPT;
      ver->y() = YOPT;
      ver->z() = ZOPT;
      return;
    }
  }
}

static void _relocateVertexGolden(MVertex *ver,
                                  const std::vector<MElement *> &lt,
                                  double relax, double tol)
{
  if(ver->onWhat()->dim() != 3) return;
  double x = 0.0, y = 0.0, z = 0.0;
  int N = 0;

  for(std::size_t i = 0; i < lt.size(); i++) {
    double XCG = 0.0, YCG = 0.0, ZCG = 0.0;
    for(std::size_t j = 0; j < lt[i]->getNumVertices(); j++) {
      XCG += lt[i]->getVertex(j)->x();
      YCG += lt[i]->getVertex(j)->y();
      ZCG += lt[i]->getVertex(j)->z();
    }
    x += XCG;
    y += YCG;
    z += ZCG;
    N += lt[i]->getNumVertices();
  }

  
  double NO_MOVE_OBJ = objective_function(0.0, ver, x / N, y / N, z / N, lt);
  double FULL_MOVE_OBJ = objective_function(1.0, ver, x / N, y / N, z / N, lt);
  if(FULL_MOVE_OBJ > NO_MOVE_OBJ) {
    ver->x() = x / N;
    ver->y() = y / N;
    ver->z() = z / N;
    //    return;
  }

  double q;
  double xi =  Maximize_Quality_Golden_Section(ver, x / N, y / N, z / N,
					       lt, tol, q);
  ver->x() = (1. - xi) * ver->x() + xi * x / N;
  ver->y() = (1. - xi) * ver->y() + xi * y / N;
  ver->z() = (1. - xi) * ver->z() + xi * z / N;
}

// use real space + projection at the end
static double _relocateVertex2(GFace *gf, MVertex *ver,
                               const std::vector<MElement *> &lt, double tol)
{
  SPoint3 p1(0, 0, 0);
  std::size_t counter = 0;
  for(std::size_t i = 0; i < lt.size(); i++) {
    for(std::size_t j = 0; j < lt[i]->getNumVertices(); j++) {
      MVertex *v = lt[i]->getVertex(j);
      p1 += SPoint3(v->x(), v->y(), v->z());
      counter++;
    }
  }
  p1 *= 1.0 / (double)counter;
  SPoint3 p2(ver->x(), ver->y(), ver->z());
  double worst;
  double xi = Maximize_Quality_Golden_Section(ver, gf, p1, p2, lt, tol, worst);

  SPoint3 p = p1 * (1 - xi) + p2 * xi;
  double initialGuess[2] = {0, 0};
  GPoint pp = gf->closestPoint(p, initialGuess);
  if(!pp.succeeded()) return 2.0;
  ver->x() = pp.x();
  ver->y() = pp.y();
  ver->z() = pp.z();
  return worst;
}

static double _relocateVertex(GFace *gf, MVertex *ver,
                              const std::vector<MElement *> &lt, double tol)
{
  if(ver->onWhat()->dim() != 2) return 2.0;

  SPoint2 p1(0, 0);
  SPoint2 p2;
  if(ver->getParameter(0, p2[0])) { ver->getParameter(1, p2[1]); }
  else {
    return _relocateVertex2(gf, ver, lt, tol);
  }

  std::size_t counter = 0;
  for(std::size_t i = 0; i < lt.size(); i++) {
    for(std::size_t j = 0; j < lt[i]->getNumVertices(); j++) {
      MVertex *v = lt[i]->getVertex(j);
      SPoint2 pp;
      reparamMeshVertexOnFace(v, gf, pp);
      counter++;
      if(v->onWhat()->dim() == 1) {
        GEdge *ge = dynamic_cast<GEdge *>(v->onWhat());
        // do not take any chance
        if(ge->isSeam(gf)) return 2.0;
      }
      p1 += pp;
    }
  }
  p1 *= 1. / (double)counter;
  double worst;
  double xi = Maximize_Quality_Golden_Section(ver, gf, p1, p2, lt, tol, worst);
  // if (xi != 0) printf("xi = %g\n",xi);
  SPoint2 p = p1 * (1 - xi) + p2 * xi;
  GPoint pp = gf->point(p);
  if(!pp.succeeded()) return 2.0;
  ver->x() = pp.x();
  ver->y() = pp.y();
  ver->z() = pp.z();
  ver->setParameter(0, pp.u());
  ver->setParameter(1, pp.v());
  return worst;
}

void getAllBoundaryLayerVertices(GFace *gf, std::set<MVertex *> &vs);

void RelocateVertices(GFace *gf, int niter, double tol)
{
  if(!niter) return;
  Msg::Debug("relocate vertices (face %i)", gf->tag());

  std::set<MVertex *> vs;
  getAllBoundaryLayerVertices(gf, vs);

  v2t_cont adj;
  buildVertexToElement(gf->triangles, adj);
  buildVertexToElement(gf->quadrangles, adj);
  for(int i = 0; i < niter; i++) {
    auto it = adj.begin();
    while(it != adj.end()) {
      if(vs.find(it->first) == vs.end()) {
        _relocateVertex(gf, it->first, it->second, tol);
      }
      ++it;
    }
  }
}

void RelocateVertices(GRegion *region, int niter, double tol)
{

  if(!niter) return;

  v2t_cont adj;
  buildVertexToElement(region->tetrahedra, adj);
  buildVertexToElement(region->pyramids, adj);
  buildVertexToElement(region->prisms, adj);
  buildVertexToElement(region->hexahedra, adj);
  for(int i = 0; i < niter + 2; i++) {
    auto it = adj.begin();
    double relax = std::min((double)(i + 1) / niter, 1.0);
    while(it != adj.end()) {
      _relocateVertexGolden(it->first, it->second, relax, tol);
      ++it;
    }
  }
}

void RelocateVerticesOfPyramids(GRegion *region, int niter, double tol)
{
  if(!niter) return;

  std::vector<MVertex *> _v_pyr;
  for(size_t i = 0; i < region->pyramids.size(); i++) {
    _v_pyr.push_back(region->pyramids[i]->getVertex(4));
  }
  std::sort(_v_pyr.begin(), _v_pyr.end());

  std::set<MVertex *> _vts;
  for(size_t i = 0; i < region->tetrahedra.size(); i++) {
    MTetrahedron *t = region->tetrahedra[i];
    for(size_t j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
      MVertex *v = t->getVertex(j);
      if(std::binary_search(_v_pyr.begin(), _v_pyr.end(), v)) {
        _vts.insert(t->getVertex(0));
        _vts.insert(t->getVertex(1));
        _vts.insert(t->getVertex(2));
        _vts.insert(t->getVertex(3));
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  std::vector<MTetrahedron *> _tets;
  for(size_t i = 0; i < region->tetrahedra.size(); i++) {
    MTetrahedron *t = region->tetrahedra[i];
    for(size_t j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
      MVertex *v = t->getVertex(j);
      if(_vts.find(v) != _vts.end()) {
        _tets.push_back(t);
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  v2t_cont adj;
  buildVertexToElement(_tets, adj);
  buildVertexToElement(region->pyramids, adj);
  buildVertexToElement(region->prisms, adj);
  buildVertexToElement(region->hexahedra, adj);

  for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    double relax = (double)i / 10. + 1e-6;
    auto it = adj.begin();
    while(it != adj.end()) {
      _relocateVertexOfPyramid(it->first, it->second, relax);
      ++it;
    }
  }

  // return;

  for(int i = 0; i < niter + 2; i++) {
    auto it = adj.begin();
    double relax = std::min((double)(i + 1) / niter, 1.0);
    while(it != adj.end()) {
      _relocateVertexGolden(it->first, it->second, relax, tol);
      ++it;
    }
  }
}

void RelocateVerticesOfPyramids(std::vector<GRegion *> &regions, int niter,
                                double tol)
{
  for(std::size_t k = 0; k < regions.size(); k++) {
    RelocateVerticesOfPyramids(regions[k], niter, tol);
  }
}

void RelocateVertices(std::vector<GRegion *> &regions, int niter, double tol)
{
  for(std::size_t k = 0; k < regions.size(); k++) {
    RelocateVertices(regions[k], niter, tol);
  }
}
