int8 conversão para representação de inteiro de 1 byte
int16 conversão para representação de inteiro de 2 bytes
int32 conversão para representação de inteiro de 4 bytes
int64 conversão para representação de inteiro de 8 bytes
uint8 conversão para representação de inteiro de 1 byte sem sinal
uint16 conversão para representação de inteiro de 2 bytes sem sinal
uint32 conversão para representação de inteiro de 4 bytes sem sinal
uint32 conversão para representação de inteiro de 8 bytes sem sinal

## Seqüência de Chamamento

                y = int8(X)
                y = int16(X)
                y = int32(X)
                y = int64(X)
                y = uint8(X)
                y = uint16(X)
                y = uint32(X)
                y = uint64(X)

## Parâmetros

X

  matriz de booleanos, de inteiros codificados, ou de números reais ou complexos decimais. Matrix of strings representing literal big integers for `int64` and `uint64`.

y

matriz de inteiros codificados em 1, 2, 4 ou 8 bytes. Seus tamanhos são os de X.

## Descrição

Converte e armazena dados em interos de 1, 2 ou 4 bytes. Estes tipos de dados são especialmente úteis para armazenar objetos grandes como imagens, sinais longos,...

If some `X` decimal components have a fractional part, it is always trimmed to 0.

Example: `int8([-3.6, -2.5, -1.4, 1.3, 3.5, 6.7]) // = [-3, -2, -1, 1, 3, 6]`.

Values of `X` components that are out of the targeted interval are wrapped (not saturated). Examples:

- `int8([127 128 129 130]) // = [127 -128 -127 -126]`.
- `uint8([254 255 256 257]) // = [254 255 0 1]`.

-%inf is always converted into the lower bound of the interval (see below).

%inf is always converted into the upper bound of the interval (see below).

%nan is always converted into 0.

If `X` is complex encoded, imaginary parts are ignored. Only the real parts are converted and returned.

[%f %t] is always converted into [0 1].

Reading big literal integers with int64 or uint64: Any input like `int64(1000000000000000000)` implicitly considers `1000000000000000000` as a decimal integer whose mantissa is encoded with only 53 bits < 64 bits. Hence, this mantissa is most often truncated, and the encoded integer we get after the floating point truncation is not the input one. To avoid this effect, the integer can be provided as a string: `int64("1000000000000000000")` returns the expected integer, without loss of accuracy. For more details about truncation effect for big integers, please refer to the double() page.

Converting `[]` always keeps it as is, of type 1 (decimal type).

Function | y in | =
--- | --- | ---
int8(X) | [- 27, 27-1] | [-128, 127]
int16(X) | [- 215, 215-1] | [-32768, 32767]
int32(X) | [- 231, 231-1] | [-2147483648, 2147483647]
int64(X) | [- 263, 263-1] | [-9223372036854775808, 9223372036854775807]
uint8(X) | [0, 28-1] | [0, 255]
uint16(X) | [0, 216-1] | [0, 65535]
uint32(X) | [0, 232-1] | [0, 4294967295]
uint64(X) | [0, 264-1] | [0, 18446744073709551615]

## Exemplos

Rounding to 0 and wrapping, and special values:

    int8([-11.7 -8.5 -6.4  6.4 8.5 11.7])
    int8([-130 -129 -128 -127 126 127 128 129])
    a = -129 + 256*(-3:3)
    int8(a)
    int8([-%inf %inf %nan])

    --> int8([-11.7 -8.5 -6.4  6.4 8.5 11.7])
     ans  =
     -11 -8 -6  6  8  11

    --> int8([-130 -129 -128 -127 126 127 128 129])
     ans  =
      126  127 -128 -127  126  127 -128 -127

    --> a = -129 + 256*(-3:3)
     a  =
      -897.  -641.  -385.  -129.   127.   383.   639.

    --> int8(a)
     ans  =
      127  127  127  127  127  127  127

    --> int8([-%inf %inf %nan])
     ans  =
     -128  127  0

About wrapping and upper bounds of unsigned integers:

    uint8([-1 %inf])
    uint16([-1 %inf])
    uint32([-1 %inf])
    uint64([-1 %inf])

    --> uint8([-1 %inf])
     ans  =
      255  255

    --> uint16([-1 %inf])
     ans  =
      65535  65535

    --> uint32([-1 %inf])
     ans  =
      4294967295  4294967295

    --> uint64([-1 %inf])
     ans  =
      18446744073709551615  18446744073709551615

Converting 64-bits integers into decimal numbers downgrades their accuracy:

    i = uint64(2)^63 - 600
    i - uint64(double(i))

    --> i = uint64(2)^63 - 600
     i  =
      9223372036854775208

    --> i - uint64(double(i))
     ans  =
      424

Converting booleans and complex numbers:

    int8([%f %t])

    int8(-10.2 + 3.4*%i)
    uint8(-10.2 + 3.4*%i)

    --> int8([%f %t])
     ans  =
      0  1

    --> int8(-10.2 + 3.4*%i)
     ans  =
     -10

    --> uint8(-10.2 + 3.4*%i)
     ans  =
      246

Reading literal int64 or uint64 integers bigger than 2^53, without floating point truncation effect:

    a = [uint64(1000000000000001000) ; uint64("1000000000000001000")]
    typeof(a)

    a = [int64(-1000000000000001000) ; int64("-1000000000000001000")]
    typeof(a)

    --> a = [uint64(1000000000000001000) ; uint64("1000000000000001000")]
     a  =
      1000000000000001024
      1000000000000001000

    --> typeof(a)
     ans  =
      "uint64"

    --> a = [int64(-1000000000000001000) ; int64("-1000000000000001000")]
     a  =
     -1000000000000001024
     -1000000000000001000

    --> typeof(a)
     ans  =
      "int64"

[] is not convertible:

    i = uint16(3);
    i(1,2) = 5.6
    typeof(i)

    i = uint16([])
    i(1,2) = 2.3
    typeof(i)

    --> i = uint16(3);
    --> i(1,2) = 5.6
     i  =
      3  5

    --> typeof(i)
     ans  =
     uint16

    --> i = uint16([])
     i  =
        []

    --> i(1,2) = 2.3
     i  =
       0.   2.3

    --> typeof(i)
     ans  =
     constant

## Ver Também

- iconvert
- inttype
- double
- dec2bin
- dec2base

## Histórico

6.0

- int64() and uint64() added to Scilab.
- Complex input numbers are now accepted.

- This | is now | instead of
  --- | --- | ---
  int8([-%inf, %inf]) | [-128, 127] | [0, 0]
  int16([-%inf, %inf]) | [-32768, 32767] | [0, 0]
  int32(%inf) | 2147483647 | -2147483648
  uint8(%inf) | 255 | 0
  uint16(%inf) | 65535 | 0
  uint32(%inf) | 4294967295 | 0

6.1.2 `int64` and `uint64` are extended to strings to read big integers > 253 without truncation.