int8 conversion to one byte integer representation
int16 conversion to 2 bytes integer representation
int32 conversion to 4 bytes integer representation
int64 conversion to 8 bytes integer representation
uint8 conversion to one byte unsigned integer representation
uint16 conversion to 2 bytes unsigned integer representation
uint32 conversion to 4 bytes unsigned integer representation
uint64 conversion to 8 bytes unsigned integer representation

## Syntax

                y = int8(X)
                y = int16(X)
                y = int32(X)
                y = int64(X)
                y = uint8(X)
                y = uint16(X)
                y = uint32(X)
                y = uint64(X)

## Arguments

X

  matrix of booleans, of encoded integers, or of decimal real or complex numbers.

y

  matrix of integers encoded on 1, 2, 4 or 8 bytes. Its sizes are X ones.

## Description

These functions convert and store data to one, two, four, or eight bytes integers. These data types are especially useful to store big objects such as images, long signals,...

If some `X` decimal components have a fractional part, it is always trimmed to 0.

Example: `int8([-3.6, -2.5, -1.4, 1.3, 3.5, 6.7]) // = [-3, -2, -1, 1, 3, 6]`.

Values of `X` components that are out of the targeted interval are wrapped (not saturated). Examples:

- `int8([127 128 129 130]) // = [127 -128 -127 -126]`.
- `uint8([254 255 256 257]) // = [254 255 0 1]`.

-%inf is always converted into the lower bound of the interval (see below).

%inf is always converted into the upper bound of the interval (see below).

%nan is always converted into 0.

If `X` is complex encoded, imaginary parts are ignored. Only the real parts are converted and returned.

[%f %t] is always converted into [0 1].

Converting big int64 or uint64 integers into decimal numbers may change them and downgrade their relative accuracy. Indeed, int64|uint64 integers are encoded over 63|64 bits, while the mantissa of decimal numbers is encoded over 53 bits only. For more details, please refer to the double() page.

Converting `[]` always keeps it as is, of type 1 (decimal type).

Function | y in | =
--- | --- | ---
int8(X) | [- 27, 27-1] | [-128, 127]
int16(X) | [- 215, 215-1] | [-32768, 32767]
int32(X) | [- 231, 231-1] | [-2147483648, 2147483647]
int64(X) | [- 263, 263-1] | [-9223372036854775808, 9223372036854775807]
uint8(X) | [0, 28-1] | [0, 255]
uint16(X) | [0, 216-1] | [0, 65535]
uint32(X) | [0, 232-1] | [0, 4294967295]
uint64(X) | [0, 264-1] | [0, 18446744073709551615]

## Examples

Rounding to 0 and wrapping, and special values:

    int8([-11.7 -8.5 -6.4  6.4 8.5 11.7])
    int8([-130 -129 -128 -127 126 127 128 129])
    a = -129 + 256*(-3:3)
    int8(a)
    int8([-%inf %inf %nan])

    --> int8([-11.7 -8.5 -6.4  6.4 8.5 11.7])
     ans  =
     -11 -8 -6  6  8  11

    --> int8([-130 -129 -128 -127 126 127 128 129])
     ans  =
      126  127 -128 -127  126  127 -128 -127

    --> a = -129 + 256*(-3:3)
     a  =
      -897.  -641.  -385.  -129.   127.   383.   639.

    --> int8(a)
     ans  =
      127  127  127  127  127  127  127

    --> int8([-%inf %inf %nan])
     ans  =
     -128  127  0

About wrapping and upper bounds of unsigned integers:

    uint8([-1 %inf])
    uint16([-1 %inf])
    uint32([-1 %inf])
    uint64([-1 %inf])

    --> uint8([-1 %inf])
     ans  =
      255  255

    --> uint16([-1 %inf])
     ans  =
      65535  65535

    --> uint32([-1 %inf])
     ans  =
      4294967295  4294967295

    --> uint64([-1 %inf])
     ans  =
      18446744073709551615  18446744073709551615

Converting 64-bits integers into decimal numbers downgrades their accuracy:

    i = uint64(2)^63 - 600
    i - uint64(double(i))

    --> i = uint64(2)^63 - 600
     i  =
      9223372036854775208

    --> i - uint64(double(i))
     ans  =
      424

Converting booleans and complex numbers:

    int8([%f %t])

    int8(-10.2 + 3.4*%i)
    uint8(-10.2 + 3.4*%i)

    --> int8([%f %t])
     ans  =
      0  1

    --> int8(-10.2 + 3.4*%i)
     ans  =
     -10

    --> uint8(-10.2 + 3.4*%i)
     ans  =
      246

[] is not convertible:

    i = uint16(3);
    i(1,2) = 5.6
    typeof(i)

    i = uint16([])
    i(1,2) = 2.3
    typeof(i)

    --> i = uint16(3);
    --> i(1,2) = 5.6
     i  =
      3  5

    --> typeof(i)
     ans  =
     uint16

    --> i = uint16([])
     i  =
        []

    --> i(1,2) = 2.3
     i  =
       0.   2.3

    --> typeof(i)
     ans  =
     constant

## See also

- iconvert
- inttype
- double
- dec2bin
- dec2base

## History

6.0

- int64() and uint64() added to Scilab.
- Complex input numbers are now accepted.

- This | is now | instead of
  --- | --- | ---
  int8([-%inf, %inf]) | [-128, 127] | [0, 0]
  int16([-%inf, %inf]) | [-32768, 32767] | [0, 0]
  int32(%inf) | 2147483647 | -2147483648
  uint8(%inf) | 255 | 0
  uint16(%inf) | 65535 | 0
  uint32(%inf) | 4294967295 | 0